{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2136726636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comswa.2006.1665204","title":"Replica Voting: a Distributed Middleware Service for Real-time Dependable Systems","display_name":"Replica Voting: a Distributed Middleware Service for Real-time Dependable Systems","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2136726636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comswa.2006.1665204","mag":"2136726636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/comswa.2006.1665204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comswa.2006.1665204","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 1st International Conference on Communication Systems Software & Middleware","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101724286","display_name":"Kaliappa Ravindran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125687163","display_name":"City College of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00wmhkr98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125687163"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093530","display_name":"City College","ror":"https://ror.org/00h90tg62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093530"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K. Ravindran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I4210093530","https://openalex.org/I125687163","https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113694449","display_name":"Kevin A. Kwiat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280414376","display_name":"United States Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.A. Kwiat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Rome, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Rome, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017233793","display_name":"A. Sabbir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6552-0603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125687163","display_name":"City College of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00wmhkr98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125687163"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093530","display_name":"City College","ror":"https://ror.org/00h90tg62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Sabbir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I4210093530","https://openalex.org/I125687163","https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102988738","display_name":"Bo Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-0747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125687163","display_name":"City College of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00wmhkr98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125687163"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093530","display_name":"City College","ror":"https://ror.org/00h90tg62","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121847817","display_name":"The Graduate Center, CUNY","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, City College,City College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I4210093530","https://openalex.org/I125687163","https://openalex.org/I121847817"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101724286"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121847817","https://openalex.org/I125687163","https://openalex.org/I174216632","https://openalex.org/I4210093530"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6036,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73371798,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9764000177383423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8342985510826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replica","display_name":"Replica","score":0.7752981185913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.773807168006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5688385367393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5430755615234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5254689455032349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.51017165184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liveness","display_name":"Liveness","score":0.4940260052680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.4914499521255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4416532516479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4062750041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.26154768466949463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12668433785438538}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8342985510826111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775937380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1232589","display_name":"Replica","level":2,"score":0.7752981185913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.773807168006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5688385367393494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5430755615234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5254689455032349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.51017165184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15569618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3561421","display_name":"Liveness","level":2,"score":0.4940260052680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.4914499521255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4416532516479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4062750041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.26154768466949463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12668433785438538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/comswa.2006.1665204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comswa.2006.1665204","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 1st International Conference on Communication Systems Software & Middleware","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111817346","https://openalex.org/W2114579022","https://openalex.org/W2136259232","https://openalex.org/W2140132783","https://openalex.org/W2147302209","https://openalex.org/W2155844047"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565271071","https://openalex.org/W2081199208","https://openalex.org/W3349016","https://openalex.org/W3160870209","https://openalex.org/W2494011163","https://openalex.org/W2053262709","https://openalex.org/W2139648957","https://openalex.org/W1481041875","https://openalex.org/W2391970076","https://openalex.org/W1993883578"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"information":[1],"assurance":[2],"settings,":[3],"majority":[4],"voting":[5,54,91,113,139,151],"among":[6],"replica":[7],"processes":[8],"enhances":[9],"the":[10,29,32,53,81,103,108,117,137,143,163,167,172],"trust-worthiness":[11],"of":[12,34,52,100,111,120,131,136,169,175],"data":[13,24,45,70,101,145,176],"collected":[14],"from":[15,77],"a":[16,22,88,95,112,155],"hostile":[17],"external":[18],"environment.":[19],"It":[20],"allows":[21],"correct":[23],"fusion":[25],"and":[26,64,84,97,133,147,171],"dissemination":[27],"by":[28],"end-users,":[30],"in":[31,129],"presence":[33],"content":[35],"corruptions":[36],"and/or":[37],"timing":[38],"failures":[39],"that":[40,141],"may":[41,161],"possibly":[42],"occur":[43],"during":[44],"collection.":[46],"Two":[47],"key":[48],"elements":[49],"are":[50,127],"required":[51],"functionality:":[55],"i)":[56],"fielding":[57],"asynchronously":[58],"generated":[59],"real-time":[60],"or":[61],"near-real-time":[62],"data,":[63],"ii)":[65],"handling":[66],"large":[67],"sized":[68],"non-numeric":[69],"sets":[71],"with":[72],"problem-specific":[73],"interpretations-e.g.,":[74],"terrain":[75],"images":[76],"radar":[78],"stations.":[79],"Under":[80],"constraints":[82],"(i)":[83],"(ii),":[85],"we":[86],"describe":[87],"highly":[89],"asynchronous":[90],"service":[92],"to":[93,102,115],"effect":[94],"timely":[96],"low-overhead":[98],"delivery":[99,177],"users.":[104],"The":[105,123],"paper":[106],"analyzes":[107],"service-level":[109,165],"properties":[110,126],"machinery":[114],"meet":[116],"stringent":[118],"needs":[119],"IA":[121],"applications.":[122],"externally":[124],"visible":[125],"prescribed":[128],"terms":[130],"`safety'":[132],"`liveness'":[134],"requirements":[135],"underlying":[138],"protocols":[140],"reflect":[142],"application-specific":[144],"integrity":[146],"availability":[148],"constraints.":[149],"When":[150],"is":[152],"provided":[153],"as":[154],"middleware":[156],"service,":[157],"an":[158],"application":[159],"designer":[160],"prescribe":[162],"necessary":[164],"parameters:":[166],"level":[168],"resiliency":[170],"performance":[173],"aspects":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}