{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128436122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2026.3663021","title":"A Survey on Reconfigurable and Movable Antennas for Wireless Communications and Sensing","display_name":"A Survey on Reconfigurable and Movable Antennas for Wireless Communications and Sensing","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128436122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2026.3663021"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2026.3663021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2026.3663021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.17977","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125453764","display_name":"Wenyan Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenyan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Cluny Road, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3358-2927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Cluny Road, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125450937","display_name":"Lipeng Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lipeng Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM and the School of Interdisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7587-8876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM and the School of Interdisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067158943","display_name":"Yanhua Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8067-0632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanhua Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8067-0632","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076085397","display_name":"Beixiong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-9263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beixiong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-9263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026524380","display_name":"Yujie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-4892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424312","display_name":"Yuchen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-4000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3153-4000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Keke Ying","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6999-8273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165204","display_name":"Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05r1mzq61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keke Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Zhuhai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6999-8273","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054396881","display_name":"Zhen Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-0216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165204","display_name":"Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05r1mzq61","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Zhuhai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-0216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165204","https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032569059","display_name":"He Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2886-0438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Cluny Road, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2886-0438","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Cluny Road, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007320479","display_name":"Xiaodan Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-8045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodan Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3249-8045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124720561","display_name":"Zhenyu Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-542X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125444891","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125452009","display_name":"Rui Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Cluny Road, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8729-8393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Cluny Road, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125453764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26940885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":null,"first_page":"4842","last_page":"4882"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.39329999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.39329999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.14790000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.11410000175237656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.7251999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.49639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurable-antenna","display_name":"Reconfigurable antenna","score":0.4456000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.34779998660087585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.7251999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6319000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.49639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131369404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554278","display_name":"Reconfigurable antenna","level":5,"score":0.4456000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3767000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61829901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"High-gain antenna","level":2,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177454536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578290","display_name":"Emphasis (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2026.3663021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2026.3663021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2602.17977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.17977","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.17977","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2602.17977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.17977","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.17977","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4131680130958557}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3250397820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2025QA30","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6139073070","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6791161086","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-8003646-00-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320698","funder_display_name":"National University of Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7539964297","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-8003676-00-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320698","funder_display_name":"National University of Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7547104240","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62331022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7642788656","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L242011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334977","funder_display_name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8154999967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62571193","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320698","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334977","display_name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"antennas":[1,5,42],"(RAs)":[2],"and":[3,20,52,69,91,97,106,119,129,140,150,161,167,170,184,189,197],"movable":[4],"(MAs)":[6],"have":[7],"been":[8],"recognized":[9],"as":[10,145],"promising":[11,199],"technologies":[12],"to":[13,179,203],"enhance":[14],"the":[15,66,84,99,156,181],"performance":[16,117,138,177],"of":[17,27,71,83,88,113,127,159,187],"wireless":[18,55,132,165],"communication":[19,133,171],"sensing":[21,166,169],"systems":[22],"by":[23,109],"introducing":[24],"additional":[25],"degrees":[26],"freedom":[28],"(DoFs)":[29],"in":[30,131,163,207],"tuning":[31],"antenna":[32,75],"radiation":[33],"and/or":[34],"placement.":[35],"This":[36],"paradigm":[37],"shift":[38],"from":[39],"conventional":[40],"non-reconfigurable/movable":[41],"offers":[43],"tremendous":[44],"new":[45],"opportunities":[46],"for":[47,103],"realizing":[48],"multifunctional,":[49],"more":[50],"adaptive,":[51],"efficient":[53],"next-generation":[54],"networks.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58,208],"paper,":[59],"we":[60,78,95,122,174,193],"provide":[61,79],"a":[62,80,110],"comprehensive":[63],"survey":[64],"on":[65,124],"fundamentals,":[67],"architectures,":[68],"applications":[70,126],"these":[72],"two":[73],"emerging":[74],"technologies.":[76,93],"First,":[77],"chronological":[81],"overview":[82],"parallel":[85],"historical":[86],"development":[87],"both":[89],"RA":[90,188],"MA":[92,190],"Next,":[94],"review":[96],"classify":[98],"state-of-the-art":[100],"hardware":[101],"architectures":[102],"implementing":[104],"RAs":[105,128,160],"MAs,":[107],"followed":[108],"detailed":[111],"comparison":[112],"their":[114,136],"distinct":[115,182],"mechanisms,":[116],"metrics,":[118],"functionalities.":[120],"Subsequently,":[121],"focus":[123],"various":[125],"MAs":[130,162],"systems,":[134],"analyzing":[135],"respective":[137],"advantages":[139,186],"key":[141,195],"design":[142],"considerations":[143],"such":[144],"mode":[146],"selection,":[147],"movement":[148],"optimization,":[149],"channel":[151],"acquisition.":[152],"We":[153],"also":[154],"explore":[155],"significant":[157],"roles":[158],"advancing":[164],"integrated":[168],"(ISAC).":[172],"Furthermore,":[173],"present":[175],"numerical":[176],"comparisons":[178],"illustrate":[180],"characteristics":[183],"complementary":[185],"systems.":[191],"Finally,":[192],"outline":[194],"challenges":[196],"identify":[198],"future":[200],"research":[201],"directions":[202],"inspire":[204],"further":[205],"innovations":[206],"burgeoning":[209],"field.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-02-10T00:00:00"}