{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403826439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2024.3487112","title":"RIS-Assisted Physical Layer Security in Emerging RF and Optical Wireless Communications Systems: A Comprehensive Survey","display_name":"RIS-Assisted Physical Layer Security in Emerging RF and Optical Wireless Communications Systems: A Comprehensive Survey","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403826439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2024.3487112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2024.3487112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2024.3487112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05378117/document","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009861824","display_name":"Majid H. Khoshafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8882-6952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majid H. Khoshafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8882-6952","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084941557","display_name":"Omar Maraqa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-2223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Maraqa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-2223","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049894961","display_name":"Jules M. Moualeu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-1931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192619145","display_name":"University of the Witwatersrand","ror":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jules M. Moualeu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0307-1931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192619145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078695020","display_name":"Sylvester Aboagye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-923X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79817857","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvester Aboagye","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-923X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79817857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009312675","display_name":"Telex M. N. Ngatched","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7646-9452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Telex M. N. Ngatched","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7646-9452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075820901","display_name":"Mohamed H. Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-0834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed H. Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-0834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085692317","display_name":"Yasser Gadallah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-505X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80693520","display_name":"American University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yqn58","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasser Gadallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-505X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081612175","display_name":"Marco Di Renzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097418","display_name":"Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/00skw9v43","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Di Renzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systémes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systémes, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-8793","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systémes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systémes, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.6406,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":91,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99575975,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"4","first_page":"2156","last_page":"2203"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9246000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.7024734616279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6118780374526978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.47977954149246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43592098355293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.38653504848480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.19296345114707947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.11166667938232422}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.7024734616279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6118780374526978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.47977954149246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43592098355293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.38653504848480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.19296345114707947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.11166667938232422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2024.3487112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2024.3487112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05378117v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05378117","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05378117/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Communications Surveys and Tutorials, IEEE Communications Society, 2024, 27 (4), pp.2156-2203. ⟨10.1109/COMST.2024.3487112⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05378117v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05378117","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05378117/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Communications Surveys and Tutorials, IEEE Communications Society, 2024, 27 (4), pp.2156-2203. ⟨10.1109/COMST.2024.3487112⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1087235245","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-03323","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1463304763","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101139161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1617124451","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101129618","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2068653625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101139161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2559059231","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101129618","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2860730260","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-22-PEFT-0010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3413260315","display_name":"Physics-based wireless AI providing scalability and efficiency","funder_award_id":"ANR-23-CHR4-0003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3531172524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22-PEFT-004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4193708073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPINs 2019-04626","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4384862669","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101086228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6183310751","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-04626","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6612625481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"France 2030","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8370967180","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-23-CHR4-0003-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8921317170","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101086228","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310921","display_name":"University of Guelph","ror":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311526","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403826439.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403826439.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":355,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1733425272","https://openalex.org/W1919042217","https://openalex.org/W1923046584","https://openalex.org/W1970334960","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W1989821035","https://openalex.org/W1992996890","https://openalex.org/W2007529001","https://openalex.org/W2013605702","https://openalex.org/W2032278718","https://openalex.org/W2043769961","https://openalex.org/W2049436509","https://openalex.org/W2060385240","https://openalex.org/W2062612962","https://openalex.org/W2065313044","https://openalex.org/W2080693943","https://openalex.org/W2093554016","https://openalex.org/W2102654676","https://openalex.org/W2103063389","https://openalex.org/W2103972037","https://openalex.org/W2109394932","https://openalex.org/W2119012490","https://openalex.org/W2134968843","https://openalex.org/W2156214717","https://openalex.org/W2436620493","https://openalex.org/W2529538423","https://openalex.org/W2558778358","https://openalex.org/W2768182340","https://openalex.org/W2795727899","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2889934402","https://openalex.org/W2890910667","https://openalex.org/W2898035736","https://openalex.org/W2907860850","https://openalex.org/W2944025702","https://openalex.org/W2945534522","https://openalex.org/W2949670636","https://openalex.org/W2949672874","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2950680381","https://openalex.org/W2964005248","https://openalex.org/W2964113506","https://openalex.org/W2964345771","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2969519626","https://openalex.org/W2970297297","https://openalex.org/W2975790550","https://openalex.org/W2979897999","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2981792785","https://openalex.org/W2982373750","https://openalex.org/W2984937369","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3003553362","https://openalex.org/W3004201425","https://openalex.org/W3006762012","https://openalex.org/W3006962285","https://openalex.org/W3008705472","https://openalex.org/W3010372757","https://openalex.org/W3012340815","https://openalex.org/W3016011280","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3022434579","https://openalex.org/W3022803879","https://openalex.org/W3024711348","https://openalex.org/W3034986165","https://openalex.org/W3035049807","https://openalex.org/W3036551334","https://openalex.org/W3036886449","https://openalex.org/W3036973706","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3040918692","https://openalex.org/W3041653465","https://openalex.org/W3042689071","https://openalex.org/W3042966647","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3046207563","https://openalex.org/W3048090405","https://openalex.org/W3087782700","https://openalex.org/W3089006580","https://openalex.org/W3089319020","https://openalex.org/W3090595343","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W3091186425","https://openalex.org/W3091752016","https://openalex.org/W3093800005","https://openalex.org/W3094186382","https://openalex.org/W3095076735","https://openalex.org/W3099636798","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3101007526","https://openalex.org/W3105652669","https://openalex.org/W3108462255","https://openalex.org/W3108863254","https://openalex.org/W3111012323","https://openalex.org/W3111080731","https://openalex.org/W3113137637","https://openalex.org/W3120094264","https://openalex.org/W3121416728","https://openalex.org/W3126764447","https://openalex.org/W3127744044","https://openalex.org/W3127861993","https://openalex.org/W3128067055","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3130215110","https://openalex.org/W3134105517","https://openalex.org/W3134393251","https://openalex.org/W3134459480","https://openalex.org/W3135998278","https://openalex.org/W3136114665","https://openalex.org/W3137570378","https://openalex.org/W3137691847","https://openalex.org/W3153643678","https://openalex.org/W3157217691","https://openalex.org/W3158536576","https://openalex.org/W3158743991","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3160443215","https://openalex.org/W3161565715","https://openalex.org/W3162741300","https://openalex.org/W3165092579","https://openalex.org/W3165448662","https://openalex.org/W3168061659","https://openalex.org/W3169143203","https://openalex.org/W3172644050","https://openalex.org/W3174671346","https://openalex.org/W3181191721","https://openalex.org/W3184496427","https://openalex.org/W3188283781","https://openalex.org/W3188286850","https://openalex.org/W3194394973","https://openalex.org/W3194854077","https://openalex.org/W3197799277","https://openalex.org/W3197935617","https://openalex.org/W3198290069","https://openalex.org/W3198612078","https://openalex.org/W3198743033","https://openalex.org/W3199036959","https://openalex.org/W3199600199","https://openalex.org/W3199708577","https://openalex.org/W3201321698","https://openalex.org/W3203630573","https://openalex.org/W3205503849","https://openalex.org/W3207916696","https://openalex.org/W3209026227","https://openalex.org/W3212479961","https://openalex.org/W3212545822","https://openalex.org/W3212620775","https://openalex.org/W3214572167","https://openalex.org/W3215202967","https://openalex.org/W3216949739","https://openalex.org/W4205583181","https://openalex.org/W4205651202","https://openalex.org/W4206016832","https://openalex.org/W4206626176","https://openalex.org/W4206658479","https://openalex.org/W4210525043","https://openalex.org/W4210689353","https://openalex.org/W4210764170","https://openalex.org/W4212810984","https://openalex.org/W4214587758","https://openalex.org/W4214679075","https://openalex.org/W4220691471","https://openalex.org/W4220697450","https://openalex.org/W4220908458","https://openalex.org/W4221147560","https://openalex.org/W4221157816","https://openalex.org/W4221161002","https://openalex.org/W4225371228","https://openalex.org/W4225765847","https://openalex.org/W4226029525","https://openalex.org/W4226057460","https://openalex.org/W4226071704","https://openalex.org/W4226074164","https://openalex.org/W4226116299","https://openalex.org/W4226309382","https://openalex.org/W4226320646","https://openalex.org/W4226497377","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4284893296","https://openalex.org/W4285101042","https://openalex.org/W4285118548","https://openalex.org/W4285161597","https://openalex.org/W4285169700","https://openalex.org/W4285188723","https://openalex.org/W4285204469","https://openalex.org/W4285217437","https://openalex.org/W4285225593","https://openalex.org/W4285228977","https://openalex.org/W4285255610","https://openalex.org/W4285287620","https://openalex.org/W4289913051","https://openalex.org/W4292071854","https://openalex.org/W4292261935","https://openalex.org/W4292387439","https://openalex.org/W4292794777","https://openalex.org/W4294167365","https://openalex.org/W4296425785","https://openalex.org/W4296704797","https://openalex.org/W4296914630","https://openalex.org/W4308089118","https://openalex.org/W4308793480","https://openalex.org/W4309757178","https://openalex.org/W4310071134","https://openalex.org/W4310501683","https://openalex.org/W4312050922","https://openalex.org/W4312227560","https://openalex.org/W4312233343","https://openalex.org/W4312284141","https://openalex.org/W4312310523","https://openalex.org/W4312319218","https://openalex.org/W4312411207","https://openalex.org/W4312452477","https://openalex.org/W4312577754","https://openalex.org/W4312690293","https://openalex.org/W4312795561","https://openalex.org/W4312805416","https://openalex.org/W4312809976","https://openalex.org/W4312828029","https://openalex.org/W4312830363","https://openalex.org/W4312905131","https://openalex.org/W4312984309","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4313037712","https://openalex.org/W4313054628","https://openalex.org/W4313062098","https://openalex.org/W4313066240","https://openalex.org/W4313067094","https://openalex.org/W4313069070","https://openalex.org/W4313591201","https://openalex.org/W4313591527","https://openalex.org/W4313886810","https://openalex.org/W4315778600","https://openalex.org/W4317497257","https://openalex.org/W4320015872","https://openalex.org/W4320712848","https://openalex.org/W4321021676","https://openalex.org/W4321490517","https://openalex.org/W4322576964","https://openalex.org/W4323022529","https://openalex.org/W4323065882","https://openalex.org/W4323794388","https://openalex.org/W4324125416","https://openalex.org/W4324291686","https://openalex.org/W4327521687","https://openalex.org/W4361799148","https://openalex.org/W4361804077","https://openalex.org/W4361986527","https://openalex.org/W4362654099","https://openalex.org/W4365129693","https://openalex.org/W4365421145","https://openalex.org/W4365800547","https://openalex.org/W4365801664","https://openalex.org/W4366147007","https://openalex.org/W4366504008","https://openalex.org/W4367016615","https://openalex.org/W4372055499","https://openalex.org/W4376456776","https://openalex.org/W4376604713","https://openalex.org/W4378174794","https://openalex.org/W4379033838","https://openalex.org/W4379382410","https://openalex.org/W4379469370","https://openalex.org/W4379741617","https://openalex.org/W4379931192","https://openalex.org/W4380868004","https://openalex.org/W4381198702","https://openalex.org/W4381304734","https://openalex.org/W4381946497","https://openalex.org/W4382618630","https://openalex.org/W4383503499","https://openalex.org/W4383754029","https://openalex.org/W4384080786","https://openalex.org/W4384283980","https://openalex.org/W4384789394","https://openalex.org/W4385062305","https://openalex.org/W4385063025","https://openalex.org/W4385250845","https://openalex.org/W4385325812","https://openalex.org/W4385444634","https://openalex.org/W4385627063","https://openalex.org/W4385731889","https://openalex.org/W4385834022","https://openalex.org/W4385834508","https://openalex.org/W4386077583","https://openalex.org/W4386230952","https://openalex.org/W4386512971","https://openalex.org/W4386560972","https://openalex.org/W4387011236","https://openalex.org/W4387196957","https://openalex.org/W4387319289","https://openalex.org/W4387448701","https://openalex.org/W4387490554","https://openalex.org/W4387587631","https://openalex.org/W4387623805","https://openalex.org/W4387717494","https://openalex.org/W4387789885","https://openalex.org/W4387790048","https://openalex.org/W4387870626","https://openalex.org/W4387986832","https://openalex.org/W4388262999","https://openalex.org/W4388286264","https://openalex.org/W4388486489","https://openalex.org/W4388505197","https://openalex.org/W4388676654","https://openalex.org/W4388739307","https://openalex.org/W4388819646","https://openalex.org/W4388837980","https://openalex.org/W4388936619","https://openalex.org/W4388937885","https://openalex.org/W4389040946","https://openalex.org/W4389076552","https://openalex.org/W4389252565","https://openalex.org/W4389383294","https://openalex.org/W4389610599","https://openalex.org/W4389776878","https://openalex.org/W4389799491","https://openalex.org/W4390098883","https://openalex.org/W4390187453","https://openalex.org/W4390285286","https://openalex.org/W4390356862","https://openalex.org/W4390357369","https://openalex.org/W4390422211","https://openalex.org/W4390491928","https://openalex.org/W4390576925","https://openalex.org/W4390774538","https://openalex.org/W4390939441","https://openalex.org/W4391019488","https://openalex.org/W4391021891","https://openalex.org/W4391164246","https://openalex.org/W4391235328","https://openalex.org/W4391250914","https://openalex.org/W4391341526","https://openalex.org/W4391467942","https://openalex.org/W4391547712","https://openalex.org/W4391791392","https://openalex.org/W4391791516","https://openalex.org/W4391878022","https://openalex.org/W4392061633","https://openalex.org/W4392174070","https://openalex.org/W4392208035","https://openalex.org/W4392693812","https://openalex.org/W4392901786","https://openalex.org/W4392930564","https://openalex.org/W4393145171","https://openalex.org/W4393972730","https://openalex.org/W4394896819","https://openalex.org/W4395028133","https://openalex.org/W4396505702","https://openalex.org/W4396530765","https://openalex.org/W4397000110","https://openalex.org/W4398151482","https://openalex.org/W4399168507","https://openalex.org/W4402128025"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Security":[0],"and":[1,43,61,103,132,165,181,193,203,261,308,327],"latency":[2,46],"are":[3,210,306],"crucial":[4],"aspects":[5],"in":[6,26,71,147,154,200,212],"the":[7,23,53,56,75,85,106,116,124,143,175,188,213,216,225,237,254,259,282,317,325,330],"design":[8],"of":[9,79,127,145,174,178,191,215,224,227,240,256,287,319,329],"future":[10,80,241,313],"wireless":[11,59,81,107,134,334],"networks.":[12,83],"Physical":[13],"layer":[14],"security":[15,65,126,177],"(PLS)":[16],"has":[17,93],"received":[18],"a":[19,171,231,270,321],"growing":[20],"interest":[21],"from":[22,152],"research":[24,289,304,314],"community":[25],"recent":[27,288],"years":[28],"for":[29,44],"its":[30,45,99],"ability":[31,100],"to":[32,73,98,101,110,122,250,273,310],"safeguard":[33],"data":[34],"confidentiality":[35],"without":[36],"relying":[37],"on":[38,291],"key":[39],"distribution":[40],"or":[41,280],"encryption/decryption,":[42],"advantage":[47],"over":[48],"bit-level":[49],"cryptographic":[50],"techniques.":[51],"However,":[52],"evolution":[54],"towards":[55,324],"fifth":[57],"generation":[58],"technology":[60,118],"beyond":[62],"poses":[63],"new":[64],"challenges":[66,305],"that":[67,142,153,236,244],"must":[68],"be":[69,120],"addressed":[70],"order":[72],"fulfill":[74],"unprecedented":[76],"performance":[77,233],"requirements":[78],"communications":[82,135,149,242],"Among":[84],"potential":[86],"key-enabling":[87],"technologies,":[88,195],"reconfigurable":[89],"intelligent":[90],"surface":[91],"(RIS)":[92],"attracted":[94],"extensive":[95],"attention":[96],"due":[97],"proactively":[102],"intelligently":[104],"reconfigure":[105],"propagation":[108],"environment":[109],"combat":[111],"dynamic":[112],"channel":[113],"impairments.":[114],"Consequently,":[115],"RIS":[117,146,161,194],"can":[119],"adopted":[121],"improve":[123],"information-theoretic":[125,176],"both":[128,201],"radio":[129],"frequency":[130],"(RF)":[131],"optical":[133,155,182],"(OWC)":[136],"systems.":[137,183,205],"It":[138],"is":[139,150,248,267,298],"worth":[140],"noting":[141],"configuration":[144],"RF":[148,180,202],"different":[151],"systems":[156,243,294],"at":[157],"many":[158],"levels":[159],"(e.g.,":[160],"materials,":[162],"signal":[163],"characteristics,":[164],"functionalities).":[166],"This":[167],"survey":[168],"article":[169,185],"provides":[170],"comprehensive":[172,232],"overview":[173],"RIS-based":[179],"The":[184],"first":[186],"discusses":[187],"fundamental":[189],"concepts":[190],"PLS":[192,229,247],"followed":[196,220],"by":[197,221],"their":[198],"combination":[199],"OWC":[204],"Subsequently,":[206],"some":[207,301],"optimization":[208],"techniques":[209],"presented":[211],"context":[214],"underlying":[217],"system":[218],"model,":[219],"an":[222],"assessment":[223],"impact":[226],"RIS-assisted":[228,246,292],"through":[230],"analysis.":[234],"Given":[235],"computational":[238],"complexity":[239,276],"adopt":[245],"likely":[249],"increase":[251],"rapidly":[252],"as":[253,269],"number":[255],"interactions":[257],"between":[258],"users":[260],"infrastructure":[262],"grows,":[263],"machine":[264],"learning":[265],"(ML)":[266],"seen":[268],"promising":[271],"approach":[272],"address":[274],"this":[275],"issue":[277],"while":[278],"sustaining":[279],"improving":[281],"network":[283],"performance.":[284],"A":[285],"discussion":[286],"studies":[290],"PLS-based":[293],"embedded":[295],"with":[296,316],"ML":[297],"presented.":[299],"Furthermore,":[300],"important":[302],"open":[303],"proposed":[307],"discussed":[309],"provide":[311],"insightful":[312],"directions,":[315],"aim":[318],"moving":[320],"step":[322],"closer":[323],"development":[326],"implementation":[328],"forthcoming":[331],"sixth-generation":[332],"(6G)":[333],"technology.":[335]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-20T22:02:38.213706","created_date":"2024-10-29T00:00:00"}