{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047491762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2020.3014304","title":"Indoor Intelligent Fingerprint-Based Localization: Principles, Approaches and Challenges","display_name":"Indoor Intelligent Fingerprint-Based Localization: Principles, Approaches and Challenges","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047491762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2020.3014304","mag":"3047491762"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3014304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2020.3014304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008168475","display_name":"Xiaoqiang Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7294-9547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqiang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041346888","display_name":"Wenyu Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-5187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyu Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-5187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037428599","display_name":"Tie Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2324-2523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tie Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2324-2523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050753595","display_name":"Laiping Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1967-2192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laiping Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1967-2192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Networking, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084074039","display_name":"Mohammed Atiquzzaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9440-7669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8692664","display_name":"University of Oklahoma","ror":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Atiquzzaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9440-7669","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8692664"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001469325","display_name":"Dapeng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-0183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dapeng Oliver Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-0183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0294,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":239,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98720998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"2634","last_page":"2657"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.7926636934280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5284746885299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48818284273147583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7926636934280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5284746885299683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48818284273147583}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3014304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2020.3014304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3730464747","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1701263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6538997798","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5f02\u6784\u611f\u77e5\u7f51\u7edc\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61672131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6901009622","display_name":"\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u5206\u914d\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61672379","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8921145797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1836214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":138,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W302669735","https://openalex.org/W1492732862","https://openalex.org/W1506974941","https://openalex.org/W1595208394","https://openalex.org/W1637458466","https://openalex.org/W1947853012","https://openalex.org/W1963996689","https://openalex.org/W1965895201","https://openalex.org/W1976365739","https://openalex.org/W1991295181","https://openalex.org/W2006036128","https://openalex.org/W2007146523","https://openalex.org/W2009133681","https://openalex.org/W2014688140","https://openalex.org/W2014758824","https://openalex.org/W2019577451","https://openalex.org/W2025241138","https://openalex.org/W2028082528","https://openalex.org/W2034782889","https://openalex.org/W2035136797","https://openalex.org/W2038837010","https://openalex.org/W2040088951","https://openalex.org/W2044846595","https://openalex.org/W2051376734","https://openalex.org/W2057072851","https://openalex.org/W2062086221","https://openalex.org/W2076349536","https://openalex.org/W2082227962","https://openalex.org/W2100989187","https://openalex.org/W2106985027","https://openalex.org/W2108071953","https://openalex.org/W2108482152","https://openalex.org/W2111566853","https://openalex.org/W2111784981","https://openalex.org/W2115612038","https://openalex.org/W2128164564","https://openalex.org/W2128190945","https://openalex.org/W2129736664","https://openalex.org/W2132755557","https://openalex.org/W2133874683","https://openalex.org/W2140124983","https://openalex.org/W2143228105","https://openalex.org/W2156626839","https://openalex.org/W2159811720","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W2227402067","https://openalex.org/W2240192984","https://openalex.org/W2265608995","https://openalex.org/W2278572312","https://openalex.org/W2290207474","https://openalex.org/W2291859485","https://openalex.org/W2294656113","https://openalex.org/W2301541953","https://openalex.org/W2321292724","https://openalex.org/W2336558231","https://openalex.org/W2342827161","https://openalex.org/W2343794604","https://openalex.org/W2345276999","https://openalex.org/W2345912433","https://openalex.org/W2470447572","https://openalex.org/W2507151029","https://openalex.org/W2519504401","https://openalex.org/W2522695908","https://openalex.org/W2525649253","https://openalex.org/W2552924615","https://openalex.org/W2557655613","https://openalex.org/W2559849382","https://openalex.org/W2560059292","https://openalex.org/W2562522049","https://openalex.org/W2571638249","https://openalex.org/W2574500110","https://openalex.org/W2589231406","https://openalex.org/W2591079949","https://openalex.org/W2596118521","https://openalex.org/W2599936006","https://openalex.org/W2603779729","https://openalex.org/W2606067159","https://openalex.org/W2607176470","https://openalex.org/W2716882564","https://openalex.org/W2738226240","https://openalex.org/W2739818049","https://openalex.org/W2741243151","https://openalex.org/W2744177195","https://openalex.org/W2744660192","https://openalex.org/W2756303595","https://openalex.org/W2761110051","https://openalex.org/W2761790825","https://openalex.org/W2764026391","https://openalex.org/W2767567946","https://openalex.org/W2774472083","https://openalex.org/W2776252545","https://openalex.org/W2782845509","https://openalex.org/W2785318863","https://openalex.org/W2785787327","https://openalex.org/W2785985841","https://openalex.org/W2789696295","https://openalex.org/W2790279276","https://openalex.org/W2791639158","https://openalex.org/W2791792088","https://openalex.org/W2792312025","https://openalex.org/W2792930077","https://openalex.org/W2796050624","https://openalex.org/W2800993700","https://openalex.org/W2802961340","https://openalex.org/W2803097756","https://openalex.org/W2803422741","https://openalex.org/W2803963548","https://openalex.org/W2807862495","https://openalex.org/W2886626883","https://openalex.org/W2887238168","https://openalex.org/W2888967269","https://openalex.org/W2889049333","https://openalex.org/W2890475204","https://openalex.org/W2890784233","https://openalex.org/W2891224819","https://openalex.org/W2893714355","https://openalex.org/W2901317830","https://openalex.org/W2901502893","https://openalex.org/W2902753276","https://openalex.org/W2903155668","https://openalex.org/W2905038935","https://openalex.org/W2905291758","https://openalex.org/W2906484326","https://openalex.org/W2914062962","https://openalex.org/W2922887640","https://openalex.org/W2943631871","https://openalex.org/W2945490067","https://openalex.org/W2945828882","https://openalex.org/W2951415009","https://openalex.org/W2954396353","https://openalex.org/W2956680063","https://openalex.org/W2962978694","https://openalex.org/W2963873260","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2991563293","https://openalex.org/W3121448773","https://openalex.org/W6610680667","https://openalex.org/W6690274725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,17,41,102,115,122,125,163],"rapid":[2],"development":[3,108],"of":[4,6,19,43,104,109,117,150,165],"Internet":[5],"Things":[7],"(IoT)":[8],"technology,":[9],"location-based":[10],"services":[11,24],"have":[12,25,56,114],"been":[13,26],"widely":[14],"applied":[15],"in":[16,28,121,148],"construction":[18],"smart":[20],"cities.":[21],"Satellite-based":[22],"location":[23],"utilized":[27],"outdoor":[29],"environments,":[30],"but":[31],"they":[32],"are":[33,144],"not":[34],"suitable":[35],"for":[36],"indoor":[37,51,83,110,167],"technology":[38,112],"due":[39],"to":[40,80,129,172],"absence":[42],"global":[44],"positioning":[45],"system":[46],"(GPS)":[47],"signal.":[48],"Therefore,":[49],"many":[50,60],"localization":[52,66,84,111,131,140,152,168],"technologies":[53,85],"and":[54,86,96,119,146,158,175],"systems":[55,87],"emerged":[57],"by":[58,135],"utilizing":[59],"other":[61],"signals.":[62],"In":[63,75],"particular,":[64],"fingerprinting":[65],"has":[67],"recently":[68],"garnered":[69],"attention":[70],"because":[71],"its":[72],"promising":[73],"performance.":[74],"this":[76],"work,":[77],"we":[78],"aim":[79],"study":[81],"recent":[82],"based":[88],"on":[89],"various":[90],"fingerprints,":[91],"which":[92],"use":[93],"machine":[94],"learning":[95],"intelligent":[97,105],"algorithms.":[98],"We":[99,160],"also":[100,161],"present":[101],"architecture":[103,126],"localization.":[106],"The":[107,138],"should":[113],"ability":[116],"self-adaptation":[118],"self-learning":[120],"future.":[123],"And":[124],"shows":[127],"how":[128],"make":[130],"become":[132],"more":[133],"\u201csmart\u201d":[134],"advanced":[136],"techniques.":[137],"state-of-the-art":[139],"systems\u2019":[141],"working":[142],"principles":[143],"summarized":[145],"compared":[147],"terms":[149],"their":[151],"accuracy,":[153],"latency,":[154],"energy":[155],"consumption,":[156],"complexity,":[157],"robustness.":[159],"discuss":[162],"challenges":[164],"existing":[166],"technologies,":[169],"potential":[170],"solutions":[171],"these":[173],"challenges,":[174],"possible":[176],"improvement":[177],"measures.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-16T13:24:37.021932","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}