{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2495947746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2597193","title":"Topology Discovery in Software Defined Networks: Threats, Taxonomy, and State-of-the-Art","display_name":"Topology Discovery in Software Defined Networks: Threats, Taxonomy, and State-of-the-Art","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2495947746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2597193","mag":"2495947746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2016.2597193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2597193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107964469","display_name":"Suleman Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-6184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suleman Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","[Center for Mobile Cloud Computing Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-6184","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center for Mobile Cloud Computing Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091401182","display_name":"Abdullah Gani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4388-020X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Gani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","[Center for Mobile Cloud Computing Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center for Mobile Cloud Computing Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004213577","display_name":"Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1062-0329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057916222","display_name":"Mohsen Guizani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-8094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Guizani","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072011650","display_name":"Muhammad Khurram Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6636-0533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Khurram Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Center of Excellence in Inf. Assurance, King Saud Univ., Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Inf. Assurance, King Saud Univ., Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.84,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":171,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99300237,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"303","last_page":"324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6645007729530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-topology","display_name":"Logical topology","score":0.6408812999725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.6223123073577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.5415165424346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.4824853241443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3987191915512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3688649535179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.161726713180542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6645007729530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117729477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Logical topology","level":3,"score":0.6408812999725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.6223123073577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.5415165424346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.4824853241443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3987191915512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3688649535179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.161726713180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2016.2597193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2597193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nrl.northumbria.ac.uk:41214","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/41214/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401884","display_name":"Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32394136","host_organization_name":"Northumbria University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32394136"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4624354049","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRG-1436-16","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","funder_display_name":"King Saud University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":136,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85890223","https://openalex.org/W106863888","https://openalex.org/W191065957","https://openalex.org/W619783871","https://openalex.org/W806409524","https://openalex.org/W1461485317","https://openalex.org/W1487136167","https://openalex.org/W1515052829","https://openalex.org/W1515982624","https://openalex.org/W1530226820","https://openalex.org/W1531996150","https://openalex.org/W1534252806","https://openalex.org/W1549535141","https://openalex.org/W1557418999","https://openalex.org/W1583113493","https://openalex.org/W1590488181","https://openalex.org/W1606633409","https://openalex.org/W1695929281","https://openalex.org/W1769222792","https://openalex.org/W1849243243","https://openalex.org/W1890258938","https://openalex.org/W1915875214","https://openalex.org/W1969449821","https://openalex.org/W1975936173","https://openalex.org/W1975992537","https://openalex.org/W1983720905","https://openalex.org/W1984451560","https://openalex.org/W1985616707","https://openalex.org/W1988774297","https://openalex.org/W1993210075","https://openalex.org/W2000326002","https://openalex.org/W2010563114","https://openalex.org/W2010947830","https://openalex.org/W2020729428","https://openalex.org/W2021804396","https://openalex.org/W2022758041","https://openalex.org/W2026356331","https://openalex.org/W2027941036","https://openalex.org/W2031175798","https://openalex.org/W2039866862","https://openalex.org/W2040340473","https://openalex.org/W2040586767","https://openalex.org/W2054473533","https://openalex.org/W2059450064","https://openalex.org/W2063243432","https://openalex.org/W2064415298","https://openalex.org/W2064662466","https://openalex.org/W2067453331","https://openalex.org/W2067551786","https://openalex.org/W2067605982","https://openalex.org/W2068847354","https://openalex.org/W2069841875","https://openalex.org/W2071594732","https://openalex.org/W2074616737","https://openalex.org/W2075741102","https://openalex.org/W2079794025","https://openalex.org/W2081198029","https://openalex.org/W2084619708","https://openalex.org/W2084915558","https://openalex.org/W2087015185","https://openalex.org/W2087433244","https://openalex.org/W2087899556","https://openalex.org/W2090642908","https://openalex.org/W2094656022","https://openalex.org/W2101949246","https://openalex.org/W2103023445","https://openalex.org/W2106063742","https://openalex.org/W2107616676","https://openalex.org/W2110722699","https://openalex.org/W2111001247","https://openalex.org/W2111444870","https://openalex.org/W2112700013","https://openalex.org/W2122695394","https://openalex.org/W2125560635","https://openalex.org/W2136835942","https://openalex.org/W2145091572","https://openalex.org/W2146678500","https://openalex.org/W2147118406","https://openalex.org/W2149888524","https://openalex.org/W2155624544","https://openalex.org/W2156570890","https://openalex.org/W2157393479","https://openalex.org/W2160824842","https://openalex.org/W2166195138","https://openalex.org/W2169087758","https://openalex.org/W2183926967","https://openalex.org/W2186961980","https://openalex.org/W2211762534","https://openalex.org/W2235039675","https://openalex.org/W2237633256","https://openalex.org/W2243174701","https://openalex.org/W2245908696","https://openalex.org/W2249046988","https://openalex.org/W2263034212","https://openalex.org/W2268633300","https://openalex.org/W2275015310","https://openalex.org/W2275434060","https://openalex.org/W2276019588","https://openalex.org/W2276629685","https://openalex.org/W2276802311","https://openalex.org/W2295872724","https://openalex.org/W2321886673","https://openalex.org/W2402852239","https://openalex.org/W2420613574","https://openalex.org/W2466674194","https://openalex.org/W2491346245","https://openalex.org/W2492085449","https://openalex.org/W2522443889","https://openalex.org/W2534481600","https://openalex.org/W2542654713","https://openalex.org/W2542768660","https://openalex.org/W2553652196","https://openalex.org/W2555198117","https://openalex.org/W2579118500","https://openalex.org/W2997198836","https://openalex.org/W3099172018","https://openalex.org/W3103243695","https://openalex.org/W3161951661","https://openalex.org/W4231184172","https://openalex.org/W4245956198","https://openalex.org/W4248986893","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301109522","https://openalex.org/W6628618980","https://openalex.org/W6628998403","https://openalex.org/W6635205284","https://openalex.org/W6637995443","https://openalex.org/W6639548275","https://openalex.org/W6666241786","https://openalex.org/W6674087999","https://openalex.org/W6682894363","https://openalex.org/W6686885839","https://openalex.org/W6689748811","https://openalex.org/W6693868867","https://openalex.org/W6726776695","https://openalex.org/W6729703673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1879279916","https://openalex.org/W3046364132","https://openalex.org/W2118201077","https://openalex.org/W3215916018","https://openalex.org/W2232402608","https://openalex.org/W2774756485","https://openalex.org/W3151408574","https://openalex.org/W2188936290","https://openalex.org/W2158397267","https://openalex.org/W2137187898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"fundamental":[1],"role":[2,143],"of":[3,25,55,73,83,88,95,113,137,144,158,194],"the":[4,12,16,26,30,34,56,70,74,78,89,99,114,118,130,138,142,145,149,167,171,192],"software":[5],"defined":[6],"networks":[7],"(SDNs)":[8],"is":[9,48,65],"to":[10,29,36,50,129,134,170],"decouple":[11],"data":[13,79],"plane":[14],"from":[15],"control":[17],"plane,":[18],"thus":[19],"providing":[20],"a":[21,43,46,52,62,110,155],"logically":[22],"centralized":[23,44],"visibility":[24],"entire":[27,57],"network":[28,39,53,63,151],"controller.":[31],"This":[32,124],"enables":[33],"applications":[35],"innovate":[37],"through":[38],"programmability.":[40],"To":[41,102],"establish":[42],"visibility,":[45],"controller":[47],"required":[49],"discover":[51],"topology":[54,64,100,115,146,159,172,196],"SDN":[58,90,139,195],"infrastructure.":[59],"However,":[60],"discovering":[61],"challenging":[66],"due":[67],"to:":[68],"1)":[69],"frequent":[71],"migration":[72],"virtual":[75],"machines":[76],"in":[77,105,122,148,161,179,191],"centers;":[80],"2)":[81],"lack":[82],"authentication":[84],"mechanisms;":[85],"3)":[86],"scarcity":[87],"standards;":[91],"and":[92,117,152,163,188],"4)":[93],"integration":[94],"security":[96,120],"mechanisms":[97],"for":[98],"discovery.":[101,197],"this":[103,106,182],"end,":[104],"paper,":[107],"we":[108],"present":[109],"comprehensive":[111],"survey":[112,125,183],"discovery":[116,147,160,173],"associated":[119],"implications":[121],"SDNs.":[123],"provides":[126,164],"discussions":[127],"related":[128],"possible":[131],"threats":[132,169],"relevant":[133],"each":[135],"layer":[136],"architecture,":[140],"highlights":[141],"traditional":[150],"SDN,":[153,162],"presents":[154,185],"thematic":[156],"taxonomy":[157],"insights":[165],"into":[166],"potential":[168],"along":[174],"with":[175],"its":[176],"state-of-the-art":[177],"solutions":[178],"SDN.":[180],"Finally,":[181],"also":[184],"future":[186],"challenges":[187],"research":[189],"directions":[190],"field":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T07:44:22.658603","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}