{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2344249460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2521678","title":"Wireless Communication in Data Centers: A Survey","display_name":"Wireless Communication in Data Centers: A Survey","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2344249460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2521678","mag":"2344249460"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2016.2521678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2521678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056119703","display_name":"Abdelbaset S. Hamza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3361-2658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdelbaset S. Hamza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering (CSE), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3361-2658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering (CSE), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071975084","display_name":"Jitender S. Deogun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6402-2549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jitender S. Deogun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065625294","display_name":"Dennis R. Alexander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9006-7855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis R. Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering (CSE), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering (CSE), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056119703"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3692,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":158,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97977519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"1572","last_page":"1595"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8219412565231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6049688458442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5946797728538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5360451340675354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.5278617739677429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-research","display_name":"Open research","score":0.4751186966896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wired-communication","display_name":"Wired communication","score":0.43268200755119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wi-fi-array","display_name":"Wi-Fi array","score":0.2954829931259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10379636287689209}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8219412565231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6049688458442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5946797728538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5360451340675354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.5278617739677429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.4751186966896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136708747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2901425","display_name":"Wired communication","level":5,"score":0.43268200755119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152153834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339878","display_name":"Wi-Fi array","level":4,"score":0.2954829931259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10379636287689209}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/comst.2016.2521678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comst.2016.2521678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23688054","display_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","issn_l":"1553-877X","issn":["1553-877X","2373-745X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:csearticles-1153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/csearticles/140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400577","display_name":"Lincoln (University of Nebraska)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"School of Computing: Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":159,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7810182","https://openalex.org/W26264671","https://openalex.org/W44679314","https://openalex.org/W71164856","https://openalex.org/W83966008","https://openalex.org/W142743926","https://openalex.org/W1480844783","https://openalex.org/W1503835506","https://openalex.org/W1545426452","https://openalex.org/W1605525053","https://openalex.org/W1819859392","https://openalex.org/W1857009450","https://openalex.org/W1963831556","https://openalex.org/W1966370141","https://openalex.org/W1967309045","https://openalex.org/W1969036008","https://openalex.org/W1971649956","https://openalex.org/W1974982990","https://openalex.org/W1977320771","https://openalex.org/W1979345035","https://openalex.org/W1979673782","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W1982955832","https://openalex.org/W1984649364","https://openalex.org/W1985789967","https://openalex.org/W1990497545","https://openalex.org/W2006707057","https://openalex.org/W2008842580","https://openalex.org/W2009263081","https://openalex.org/W2010409299","https://openalex.org/W2011643587","https://openalex.org/W2015374400","https://openalex.org/W2017036528","https://openalex.org/W2017763386","https://openalex.org/W2020526719","https://openalex.org/W2020645684","https://openalex.org/W2021606815","https://openalex.org/W2026676775","https://openalex.org/W2028352473","https://openalex.org/W2031401302","https://openalex.org/W2033783874","https://openalex.org/W2036918685","https://openalex.org/W2037349970","https://openalex.org/W2038337754","https://openalex.org/W2038971401","https://openalex.org/W2044963064","https://openalex.org/W2045671530","https://openalex.org/W2048413942","https://openalex.org/W2049660467","https://openalex.org/W2051105944","https://openalex.org/W2055952492","https://openalex.org/W2062832101","https://openalex.org/W2064429425","https://openalex.org/W2067111956","https://openalex.org/W2073463748","https://openalex.org/W2077159106","https://openalex.org/W2083044733","https://openalex.org/W2083482596","https://openalex.org/W2089005064","https://openalex.org/W2089218924","https://openalex.org/W2093129377","https://openalex.org/W2096621244","https://openalex.org/W2097920130","https://openalex.org/W2097926925","https://openalex.org/W2099172701","https://openalex.org/W2099283075","https://openalex.org/W2103059432","https://openalex.org/W2104074482","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2108055803","https://openalex.org/W2109430601","https://openalex.org/W2111719256","https://openalex.org/W2112167361","https://openalex.org/W2114833918","https://openalex.org/W2115051834","https://openalex.org/W2115412108","https://openalex.org/W2116377381","https://openalex.org/W2119638333","https://openalex.org/W2119738171","https://openalex.org/W2120855017","https://openalex.org/W2121528521","https://openalex.org/W2123016589","https://openalex.org/W2123046913","https://openalex.org/W2124251445","https://openalex.org/W2124700175","https://openalex.org/W2126210439","https://openalex.org/W2127004554","https://openalex.org/W2128498751","https://openalex.org/W2129424879","https://openalex.org/W2129437643","https://openalex.org/W2130531694","https://openalex.org/W2131874158","https://openalex.org/W2135496505","https://openalex.org/W2138986770","https://openalex.org/W2139573800","https://openalex.org/W2139738627","https://openalex.org/W2140252023","https://openalex.org/W2140383692","https://openalex.org/W2142460214","https://openalex.org/W2143065961","https://openalex.org/W2143217585","https://openalex.org/W2143644087","https://openalex.org/W2148900999","https://openalex.org/W2149872682","https://openalex.org/W2153946118","https://openalex.org/W2155861865","https://openalex.org/W2155922433","https://openalex.org/W2156062774","https://openalex.org/W2156402011","https://openalex.org/W2156408467","https://openalex.org/W2157136463","https://openalex.org/W2157614013","https://openalex.org/W2158870397","https://openalex.org/W2159987771","https://openalex.org/W2161914616","https://openalex.org/W2162615077","https://openalex.org/W2163782074","https://openalex.org/W2164698118","https://openalex.org/W2164998096","https://openalex.org/W2166252931","https://openalex.org/W2168595508","https://openalex.org/W2170276498","https://openalex.org/W2171148523","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2230722902","https://openalex.org/W2276566643","https://openalex.org/W2277692566","https://openalex.org/W2284061876","https://openalex.org/W2285781317","https://openalex.org/W2290603169","https://openalex.org/W2331655415","https://openalex.org/W2400388873","https://openalex.org/W2403786359","https://openalex.org/W2481420896","https://openalex.org/W2613694343","https://openalex.org/W2915048391","https://openalex.org/W3113689163","https://openalex.org/W3138097900","https://openalex.org/W4229556509","https://openalex.org/W4231891315","https://openalex.org/W4240193714","https://openalex.org/W4252371503","https://openalex.org/W4253556207","https://openalex.org/W4254374705","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6639168177","https://openalex.org/W6642505170","https://openalex.org/W6652150543","https://openalex.org/W6654643987","https://openalex.org/W6656098911","https://openalex.org/W6658361826","https://openalex.org/W6683055086","https://openalex.org/W6683580723","https://openalex.org/W6684005700","https://openalex.org/W6689528662","https://openalex.org/W6696545923","https://openalex.org/W6721392582","https://openalex.org/W6982217652","https://openalex.org/W7051337138"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385483253","https://openalex.org/W2033327554","https://openalex.org/W3216152053","https://openalex.org/W3198234816","https://openalex.org/W2370367936","https://openalex.org/W2536344710","https://openalex.org/W646122579","https://openalex.org/W4318423191","https://openalex.org/W2909728113","https://openalex.org/W2477570907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Data":[0],"centers":[1],"(DCs)":[2],"is":[3,23,183],"becoming":[4],"increasingly":[5],"an":[6,25],"integral":[7],"part":[8],"of":[9,13,19,82,110,207],"the":[10,17,29,57,80,107,115,131,138,144,173,178,205],"computing":[11],"infrastructures":[12],"most":[14],"enterprises.":[15],"Therefore,":[16],"concept":[18],"DC":[20],"networks":[21],"(DCNs)":[22],"receiving":[24],"increased":[26],"attention":[27],"in":[28,56,153,177,192,204],"network":[30],"research":[31,77,191,202],"community.":[32],"Most":[33],"DCNs":[34,42,63,170],"deployed":[35],"today":[36],"can":[37,90,162],"be":[38,91,163],"classified":[39],"as":[40,43],"wired":[41,62,97],"copper":[44],"and":[45,53,70,137,168,188,200],"optical":[46,134],"fiber":[47],"cables":[48],"are":[49],"used":[50,92,164,176,185],"for":[51,117,149],"intra-":[52],"inter-rack":[54],"connections":[55],"network.":[58,179],"Despite":[59],"recent":[60,76],"advances,":[61],"face":[64],"two":[65,145],"inevitable":[66],"problems;":[67],"cabling":[68],"complexity":[69],"hotspots.":[71],"To":[72],"address":[73],"these":[74],"problems,":[75],"works":[78],"suggest":[79],"incorporation":[81],"wireless":[83,104,151,208],"communication":[84,136,174],"technology":[85,175],"into":[86],"DCNs.":[87,154],"Wireless":[88],"links":[89,152],"to":[93,100,121,165,186],"either":[94],"augment":[95],"conventional":[96],"DCNs,":[98],"or":[99],"realize":[101],"a":[102,118,157],"pure":[103],"DCN.":[105],"As":[106],"design":[108,124],"spectrum":[109],"DCs":[111],"broadens,":[112],"so":[113],"does":[114],"need":[116],"clear":[119],"classification":[120,159,182],"differentiate":[122],"various":[123],"options.":[125],"In":[126],"this":[127,193],"paper,":[128],"we":[129],"analyze":[130],"free":[132],"space":[133],"(FSO)":[135],"60":[139],"GHz":[140],"radio":[141],"frequency":[142],"(RF),":[143],"key":[146],"candidate":[147],"technologies":[148],"implementing":[150],"We":[155,195],"present":[156],"generic":[158],"scheme":[160],"that":[161],"classify":[166],"current":[167],"future":[169,201],"based":[171],"on":[172],"The":[180],"proposed":[181],"then":[184],"review":[187],"summarize":[189],"major":[190],"area.":[194],"also":[196],"discuss":[197],"open":[198],"questions":[199],"directions":[203],"area":[206],"DCs.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}