{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029226487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2013.6523848","title":"Using a distracted driver's behavior to inform the timing of alerts in a semi-autonomous car","display_name":"Using a distracted driver's behavior to inform the timing of alerts in a semi-autonomous car","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029226487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2013.6523848","mag":"2029226487"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cogsima.2013.6523848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2013.6523848","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088146358","display_name":"Rashmi Sundareswara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Sundareswara","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113967834","display_name":"Mike Daily","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Daily","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005276705","display_name":"Michael D. Howard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8353-5702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049042655","display_name":"H. Neely","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-5565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Neely","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102788822","display_name":"Rupam Bhattacharyya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-4915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Bhattacharyya","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007860241","display_name":"C. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Labs., LLC., Malibu, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088146358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14043446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"199","last_page":"202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-multitasking","display_name":"Human multitasking","score":0.8441542387008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.7434824109077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7200008034706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.6181154251098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vigilance","display_name":"Vigilance (psychology)","score":0.608341634273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5915783047676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distracted-driving","display_name":"Distracted driving","score":0.5441303253173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.4683593809604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.41871872544288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distraction","display_name":"Distraction","score":0.4019220769405365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3424319624900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.27426236867904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13251325488090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1205325722694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.1127779483795166}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107418235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520565","display_name":"Human multitasking","level":2,"score":0.8441542387008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.7434824109077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7200008034706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.6181154251098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192769605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418914","display_name":"Vigilance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.608341634273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5915783047676086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776465824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283083","display_name":"Distracted driving","level":3,"score":0.5441303253173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.4683593809604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.41871872544288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776378700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030775","display_name":"Distraction","level":2,"score":0.4019220769405365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3424319624900818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.27426236867904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13251325488090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1205325722694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.1127779483795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cogsima.2013.6523848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2013.6523848","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161051990"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1477115342","https://openalex.org/W4200561839","https://openalex.org/W2750311498","https://openalex.org/W626594146","https://openalex.org/W2051187670","https://openalex.org/W2058597075","https://openalex.org/W2083853826","https://openalex.org/W2143855856","https://openalex.org/W2029007596","https://openalex.org/W4383901024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,112],"time":[1],"taken":[2],"for":[3],"a":[4,16,34,40,142],"distracted":[5],"driver":[6,25,81,140,158],"to":[7,9,62,82,98,105,120,155,164],"return":[8],"vigilance":[10],"in":[11,27,53,141,159],"the":[12,24,68,73,77,80,83,86,100,115,123,131,139,165],"task":[13,87],"of":[14,43,76,79,85,102,114],"driving":[15,108],"semi-autonomous":[17,107],"car":[18],"is":[19,26],"dependent":[20],"on":[21],"how":[22],"engaged":[23],"other":[28],"activities":[29],"-":[30],"such":[31],"as":[32],"finishing":[33],"text,":[35],"phone":[36],"call,":[37],"etc.":[38],"In":[39],"pilot":[41],"study":[42],"multitasking,":[44],"we":[45,94],"found":[46],"that":[47,50,144],"auditory":[48,103],"alerts":[49,104,138],"are":[51],"given":[52],"fixed":[54],"intervals":[55],"(for":[56],"example,":[57],"every":[58],"2":[59],"seconds)":[60],"tend":[61],"be":[63],"ignored":[64],"by":[65],"or":[66],"annoy":[67],"driver.":[69],"Our":[70],"method":[71,116,137],"learns":[72,154],"statistical":[74],"nature":[75],"engagement":[78],"particulars":[84],"using":[88],"Markov":[89],"Renewal":[90],"Processes":[91],"(MRP)":[92],"and":[93,110,147],"use":[95],"these":[96],"statistics":[97],"optimize":[99],"timing":[101],"make":[106],"safer":[109],"enjoyable.":[111],"virtue":[113],"also":[117],"allows":[118],"it":[119,153],"continually":[121],"learn":[122],"driver's":[124,166],"behavior":[125],"at":[126],"all":[127],"times,":[128],"even":[129],"after":[130],"initial":[132],"training":[133],"period.":[134],"Therefore,":[135],"our":[136],"way":[143],"minimizes":[145],"annoyance":[146],"increases":[148],"effectiveness.":[149],"More":[150],"importantly":[151],"however,":[152],"alert":[156],"each":[157],"an":[160],"individualized":[161],"manner,":[162],"tailored":[163],"unique":[167],"behavioral":[168],"patterns":[169],"learned":[170],"over":[171],"time.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
