{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146894746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753752","title":"Improving situation awareness in cognitive networks using the Self-Organizing Map","display_name":"Improving situation awareness in cognitive networks using the Self-Organizing Map","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146894746","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753752","mag":"2146894746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753752","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016043408","display_name":"Anssi P. K\u00e4rkk\u00e4inen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109212","display_name":"National Defence University","ror":"https://ror.org/01js4x705","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anssi P. Karkkainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016043408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212","https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4276,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73928188,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"40","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13062","display_name":"Cognitive Computing and Networks","score":0.9722999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-organizing-map","display_name":"Self-organizing map","score":0.8587350845336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7834481000900269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.7759791612625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-map","display_name":"Cognitive map","score":0.5667520761489868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-organizing-network","display_name":"Self-organizing network","score":0.5430338978767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","score":0.5407372713088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-analysis","display_name":"Situation analysis","score":0.539090096950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situational-ethics","display_name":"Situational ethics","score":0.5079310536384583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.48955950140953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4841638207435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4697599411010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-network","display_name":"Cognitive network","score":0.46208876371383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-cognitive-map","display_name":"Fuzzy cognitive map","score":0.45934706926345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.43788477778434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3673011064529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3435320556163788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33672672510147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.22689756751060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2107430100440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.18284013867378235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111168008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136838","display_name":"Self-organizing map","level":3,"score":0.8587350845336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7834481000900269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.7759791612625122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170494330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778434","display_name":"Cognitive map","level":3,"score":0.5667520761489868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179618828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478119","display_name":"Self-organizing network","level":2,"score":0.5430338978767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91280400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.5407372713088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14911803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7532148","display_name":"Situation analysis","level":2,"score":0.539090096950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.5079310536384583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.48955950140953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4841638207435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4697599411010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32542511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141225","display_name":"Cognitive network","level":4,"score":0.46208876371383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5041914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511107","display_name":"Fuzzy cognitive map","level":5,"score":0.45934706926345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.43788477778434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3673011064529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3435320556163788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33672672510147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.22689756751060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2107430100440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.18284013867378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1883856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407463","display_name":"Fuzzy number","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753752","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969280605","https://openalex.org/W1990517717","https://openalex.org/W2004161418","https://openalex.org/W2107276760","https://openalex.org/W2110802877","https://openalex.org/W2117029301","https://openalex.org/W2132418947","https://openalex.org/W2134383396","https://openalex.org/W2140149474","https://openalex.org/W2145853321","https://openalex.org/W2150992828","https://openalex.org/W2151568597","https://openalex.org/W2158911787","https://openalex.org/W2159620355","https://openalex.org/W2293324877","https://openalex.org/W2613161123","https://openalex.org/W2747485148","https://openalex.org/W4235032983","https://openalex.org/W4245176872","https://openalex.org/W4251270412"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2372922208","https://openalex.org/W3023217638","https://openalex.org/W2777396095","https://openalex.org/W2098983012","https://openalex.org/W1992321938","https://openalex.org/W2343440291","https://openalex.org/W152393904","https://openalex.org/W1661487699","https://openalex.org/W2184475782","https://openalex.org/W2600840850"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Situation":[0],"awareness":[1,46,80],"is":[2,77],"provided":[3],"through":[4],"a":[5,12,18,42],"cognitive":[6,13,49],"process.":[7],"To":[8],"make":[9],"reasonable":[10],"decisions":[11],"system,":[14],"which":[15,84,92],"could":[16,118],"be":[17,23,119],"human":[19],"or":[20],"machine,":[21],"should":[22],"aware":[24],"of":[25,44,81,115],"available":[26],"resources":[27],"and":[28,32,55,68,105],"capacity,":[29],"current":[30,71],"configuration":[31],"even":[33],"some":[34,87],"information":[35],"about":[36],"previous":[37],"states.":[38],"The":[39,96,123],"paper":[40,124],"provides":[41],"study":[43],"situation":[45,73,79],"mechanisms":[47],"in":[48],"Mobile":[50],"Ad":[51],"Hoc":[52],"Networks":[53],"(MANET),":[54],"applies":[56],"Kohonen":[57],"network":[58,72,82,133],"also":[59,94,125],"known":[60],"as":[61],"the":[62,70,116,130],"Self-Organizing":[63,97],"Map":[64,98],"(SOM)":[65],"to":[66,103,128],"analyze":[67,104],"visualize":[69,106],"for":[74,90,121,132],"decision-making.":[75,122],"Focus":[76],"on":[78],"security":[83,91,134],"naturally":[85],"requires":[86],"basic":[88],"metrics":[89],"are":[93],"defined.":[95],"shows":[99],"an":[100],"efficient":[101],"tool":[102],"complex,":[107],"multi-dimensional":[108],"situational":[109],"data.":[110],"A":[111],"clustered":[112],"result":[113],"map":[114],"SOM":[117,131],"used":[120],"defines":[126],"how":[127],"use":[129],"status":[135],"monitoring.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
