{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138715542","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753452","title":"Tactical management in near real-time systems","display_name":"Tactical management in near real-time systems","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138715542","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753452","mag":"2138715542"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085930331","display_name":"Tapio Saarelainen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109212","display_name":"National Defence University","ror":"https://ror.org/01js4x705","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tapio Saarelainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland","Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028197539","display_name":"J. Timonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0050-2054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109212","display_name":"National Defence University","ror":"https://ror.org/01js4x705","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jussi Timonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland","Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Military Technology, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085930331"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9151,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93861132,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"240","last_page":"247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9549000263214111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9520999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-centric-warfare","display_name":"Network-centric warfare","score":0.7610138654708862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.5809873938560486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5730340480804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5528037548065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-oriented-architecture","display_name":"Service-oriented architecture","score":0.5413340330123901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/command-and-control","display_name":"Command and control","score":0.47311756014823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.459911048412323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.44134801626205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4249563217163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.41887518763542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.40860098600387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33330145478248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1271865963935852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-service","display_name":"Web service","score":0.11458036303520203}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781187084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140666","display_name":"Network-centric warfare","level":2,"score":0.7610138654708862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.5809873938560486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5730340480804443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5528037548065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57041688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220644","display_name":"Service-oriented architecture","level":3,"score":0.5413340330123901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506615639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21662260","display_name":"Command and control","level":2,"score":0.47311756014823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.459911048412323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.44134801626205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4249563217163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.41887518763542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.40860098600387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33330145478248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1271865963935852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.11458036303520203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cogsima.2011.5753452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Multi-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556771778","https://openalex.org/W1594407938","https://openalex.org/W1608783629","https://openalex.org/W1771609807","https://openalex.org/W1946289875","https://openalex.org/W2088336351","https://openalex.org/W2115221576","https://openalex.org/W2144967685","https://openalex.org/W2152171095","https://openalex.org/W2153894115","https://openalex.org/W2172131461","https://openalex.org/W2244828739","https://openalex.org/W2254431614","https://openalex.org/W3000802597","https://openalex.org/W6633169528","https://openalex.org/W6690743290","https://openalex.org/W6691452919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044610912","https://openalex.org/W338345925","https://openalex.org/W236671943","https://openalex.org/W1576269734","https://openalex.org/W2350880172","https://openalex.org/W2365350798","https://openalex.org/W288470364","https://openalex.org/W245754335","https://openalex.org/W3193592231","https://openalex.org/W280479820"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"warfare":[1],"is":[2,83,115,168,200,226,233],"focusing":[3],"on":[4,48,85],"expanding":[5],"the":[6,34,50,76,91,145,166,177,204,211,219,241,289],"extent":[7],"of":[8,39,52,75,136,183,206,230,280],"Network":[9],"Centric":[10],"Warfare":[11],"(NCW)":[12],"and":[13,36,68,73,78,89,112,122,153,243,252,259,274],"Networked":[14],"Control":[15,79],"Systems":[16],"(NCSs).":[17],"The":[18,81,133,228,257],"Finnish":[19],"Defence":[20],"Forces":[21],"(FDF)":[22],"is,":[23],"among":[24],"other":[25],"armies,":[26],"trying":[27],"to":[28,59,117,147,159,170,179,202,234,240,245,263],"find":[29],"a":[30,40,86,97,109,130,141,163,190,221,236,265],"reliable":[31],"solution":[32,88],"for":[33,100,218,250],"architectural":[35,192],"technical":[37],"design":[38,193],"new":[41,54,98,191],"operational":[42],"information":[43,138,270],"network.":[44],"This":[45,187],"paper":[46,188],"focuses":[47],"discussing":[49],"possibilities":[51],"creating":[53,96],"Service":[55],"Oriented":[56],"Architecture":[57],"(SOA)":[58],"support":[60],"decision":[61],"making,":[62],"Situational":[63],"Awareness":[64],"(SA),":[65],"improved":[66],"physical":[67],"mental":[69],"real":[70],"time":[71],"evaluation":[72],"management":[74],"Command":[77],"cycle.":[80],"architecture":[82],"based":[84,238],"defined":[87],"realizing":[90],"challenges":[92],"which":[93,199],"involves":[94],"in":[95,108,129,140,162,210],"SOA-system":[99],"military":[101,131,142],"use.":[102],"SOA":[103,156,237],"principles":[104,121],"are":[105,261],"commonly":[106],"used":[107,126],"business":[110],"environment":[111,143],"therefore":[113],"it":[114],"essential":[116,216],"realize":[118],"that":[119,165],"all":[120],"methods":[123],"cannot":[124],"be":[125],"as":[127],"such":[128],"environment.":[132,213],"special":[134],"requirements":[135],"an":[137,215],"network":[139],"include":[144],"possibility":[146,178],"use":[148],"various":[149],"devices,":[150],"different":[151],"networks":[152],"platforms":[154],"simultaneously.":[155],"offers":[157,176],"means":[158],"orchestrate":[160],"services":[161,184],"way":[164],"system":[167,220,242,258],"hard":[169],"disable":[171],"by":[172],"purpose.":[173],"It":[174],"also":[175,244],"bypass":[180],"certain":[181],"levels":[182],"when":[185],"necessary.":[186],"presents":[189],"called":[194],"Dynamic":[195],"Battlefield":[196,222],"Hierarchy":[197],"(DBH)":[198],"created":[201],"keep":[203],"chain":[205],"command":[207],"intact":[208],"even":[209],"hardest":[212],"As":[214],"component":[217,232],"Secure":[223],"Scheduler":[224],"(BSS)":[225],"presented.":[227],"purpose":[229],"this":[231,285],"create":[235],"process":[239],"enable":[246],"offline":[247],"action":[248],"capability":[249],"subnets":[251],"individual":[253],"devices":[254],"using":[255,268],"DBH.":[256],"leaders":[260],"able":[262],"evaluate":[264],"warrior's":[266],"state":[267],"history":[269],"saved":[271],"during":[272],"training":[273],"combat":[275],"(heart":[276],"rate,":[277],"sweat,":[278],"direction":[279],"movement,":[281],"etc).":[282],"For":[283],"representing":[284],"value":[286],"we":[287],"present":[288],"Psycho":[290],"Physical":[291],"Factor":[292],"(PFF).":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}