{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093621925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231958","title":"Dungeons &amp; Replicants: Automated Game Balancing via Deep Player Behavior Modeling","display_name":"Dungeons &amp; Replicants: Automated Game Balancing via Deep Player Behavior Modeling","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093621925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231958","mag":"3093621925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231958","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498668","display_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087933735","display_name":"Johannes Pfau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8760-5023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Pfau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Media Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Media Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012075090","display_name":"Antonios Liapis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5554-1961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonios Liapis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Digital Games, University of Malta, Msida, Malta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Digital Games, University of Malta, Msida, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065980061","display_name":"Georg Volkmar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-9442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georg Volkmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Media Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Media Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072029181","display_name":"Georgios N. Yannakakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7793-1450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios N. Yannakakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Digital Games, University of Malta, Msida, Malta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Digital Games, University of Malta, Msida, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012935754","display_name":"Rainer Malaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6463-4828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rainer Malaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Media Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Media Lab, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1041,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93340926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"431","last_page":"438"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7862187027931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.6246985197067261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5590128898620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.4979982376098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.46821239590644836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","score":0.43027570843696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.41300082206726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38385286927223206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3248550593852997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21005317568778992}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7862187027931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.6246985197067261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5590128898620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.4979982376098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.46821239590644836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781039887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391724","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.43027570843696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.41300082206726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38385286927223206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3248550593852997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21005317568778992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231958","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231958","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498668","display_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W272289055","https://openalex.org/W1924976642","https://openalex.org/W1989701876","https://openalex.org/W1995333077","https://openalex.org/W2038866473","https://openalex.org/W2058552503","https://openalex.org/W2060879201","https://openalex.org/W2084583116","https://openalex.org/W2113650085","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2155466795","https://openalex.org/W2173771890","https://openalex.org/W2212995356","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2397620706","https://openalex.org/W2513077415","https://openalex.org/W2566091604","https://openalex.org/W2590230674","https://openalex.org/W2590852302","https://openalex.org/W2593244908","https://openalex.org/W2603016118","https://openalex.org/W2620909826","https://openalex.org/W2763498325","https://openalex.org/W2772709170","https://openalex.org/W2792893218","https://openalex.org/W2792919371","https://openalex.org/W2794586780","https://openalex.org/W2800701141","https://openalex.org/W2897406577","https://openalex.org/W2898502855","https://openalex.org/W2942569678","https://openalex.org/W2982316857","https://openalex.org/W2988506894","https://openalex.org/W3000499753","https://openalex.org/W3025887383","https://openalex.org/W3026027016","https://openalex.org/W6609943142","https://openalex.org/W6688129616","https://openalex.org/W6746177919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388150944","https://openalex.org/W2032233321","https://openalex.org/W3121970507","https://openalex.org/W2110028391","https://openalex.org/W54497855","https://openalex.org/W4242235492","https://openalex.org/W217960748","https://openalex.org/W3125814499","https://openalex.org/W2090827041","https://openalex.org/W2367268135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Balancing":[0],"the":[1,20,74,90,124,132,143],"options":[2],"available":[3],"to":[4,50,65,81,102,130],"players":[5],"in":[6,100,112],"a":[7,16,83],"way":[8],"that":[9],"ensures":[10],"rich":[11],"variety":[12],"and":[13,26,43,116],"viability":[14],"is":[15,48],"vital":[17],"factor":[18],"for":[19],"success":[21],"of":[22,38,53,76,89],"any":[23],"video":[24],"game,":[25],"particularly":[27],"competitive":[28],"multiplayer":[29,92],"games.":[30],"Traditionally,":[31],"this":[32,70],"balancing":[33],"act":[34],"requires":[35],"extensive":[36],"periods":[37],"expert":[39],"analysis,":[40],"play":[41],"testing":[42],"debates.":[44],"While":[45],"automated":[46],"gameplay":[47],"able":[49],"predict":[51],"outcomes":[52],"parameter":[54],"changes,":[55],"current":[56],"approaches":[57],"mainly":[58],"rely":[59],"on":[60],"heuristic":[61],"or":[62],"optimal":[63],"strategies":[64],"generate":[66,103],"agent":[67,105],"behavior.":[68],"In":[69],"paper,":[71],"we":[72],"demonstrate":[73,108],"use":[75],"deep":[77],"player":[78,84],"behavior":[79],"models":[80],"represent":[82],"population":[85],"(n":[86],"=":[87],"213)":[88],"massively":[91],"online":[93],"role-playing":[94],"game":[95],"Aion,":[96],"which":[97],"are":[98,128],"used,":[99],"turn,":[101],"individual":[104],"behaviors.":[106],"Results":[107],"significant":[109],"balance":[110,133],"differences":[111],"opposing":[113],"enemy":[114],"encounters":[115],"show":[117],"how":[118],"these":[119],"can":[120],"be":[121],"regulated.":[122],"Moreover,":[123],"analytic":[125],"methods":[126],"proposed":[127],"applied":[129],"identify":[131],"relationships":[134],"between":[135],"classes":[136],"when":[137],"fighting":[138],"against":[139],"each":[140],"other,":[141],"reflecting":[142],"original":[144],"developers'":[145],"design.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
