{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387914491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284285","title":"A Multilevel Optimization Model for a Distribution Power Grid with the Active Participation of Electric Vehicles Via Aggregators","display_name":"A Multilevel Optimization Model for a Distribution Power Grid with the Active Participation of Electric Vehicles Via Aggregators","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387914491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284285"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284285","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284285","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067521501","display_name":"Daniel Fern\u00e1ndez Valderrama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Fern\u00e1ndez Valderrama","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029096627","display_name":"Giulio Ferro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0641-6846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulio Ferro","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086919822","display_name":"Luca Parodi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9288-0273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Parodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039477899","display_name":"Michela Robba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0032-9493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michela Robba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Genoa,Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS),Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067521501"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5326,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65634916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1984","last_page":"1989"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karush\u2013kuhn\u2013tucker-conditions","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","score":0.8001526594161987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6338908672332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6236851215362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.5427207946777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5275549292564392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4116226136684418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.35521620512008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25541239976882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15174880623817444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50454189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2075125","display_name":"Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker conditions","level":2,"score":0.8001526594161987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6338908672332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6236851215362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.5427207946777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5275549292564392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4116226136684418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.35521620512008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25541239976882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15174880623817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284285","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284285","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/1155320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11567/1155320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54816854","https://openalex.org/W2536620281","https://openalex.org/W2766787693","https://openalex.org/W2946430145","https://openalex.org/W3012153590","https://openalex.org/W3022641430","https://openalex.org/W3069243541","https://openalex.org/W3108112519","https://openalex.org/W3124120671","https://openalex.org/W3200048522","https://openalex.org/W3207361250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120257557","https://openalex.org/W2920493340","https://openalex.org/W4292761160","https://openalex.org/W4319661813","https://openalex.org/W2793969674","https://openalex.org/W2807256486","https://openalex.org/W2391309548","https://openalex.org/W2123675486","https://openalex.org/W117224218","https://openalex.org/W2900428495"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"formalizes":[2],"a":[3,8,47,55],"multi-level":[4],"optimization":[5,77,93,97],"problem":[6,78],"for":[7],"distribution":[9],"power":[10,128],"grid.":[11,34],"The":[12,76,95,109],"grid":[13],"is":[14,81],"set":[15],"up":[16],"with":[17,46],"Electrical":[18,58,70],"Vehicles":[19,71],"(EVs)":[20,72],"to":[21,50],"minimize":[22,51],"the":[23,33,36,39,65,91,105,113,119,127],"total":[24],"energy":[25],"cost":[26,129],"and":[27,67,88,102,126],"satisfy":[28],"different":[29],"loads":[30],"distributed":[31],"in":[32,104],"At":[35],"higher":[37],"level,":[38,57],"Distribution":[40],"System":[41],"Operator":[42],"(DSO)":[43],"must":[44],"deal":[45],"Balancing":[48],"Market":[49],"costs.":[52],"Instead,":[53],"at":[54,63],"lower":[56],"Vehicle":[59],"Aggregators":[60],"(EVAs)":[61],"aim":[62],"controlling":[64],"charging":[66],"discharging":[68],"of":[69,79,121],"maximizing":[73],"their":[74],"profit.":[75],"EVAs":[80],"solved":[82],"analytically":[83],"through":[84],"KKT":[85],"(Karush-Khun-Tucker)":[86],"conditions":[87],"inserted":[89],"into":[90],"DSO":[92],"problem.":[94],"complete":[96],"model":[98,116],"has":[99],"been":[100],"implemented":[101],"tested":[103],"IEEE":[106],"13-bus":[107],"system.":[108],"results":[110],"show":[111],"that":[112],"proposed":[114],"bi-level":[115],"significantly":[117],"reduced":[118],"variation":[120],"peak":[122],"consumption":[123],"by":[124,130],"64.56%":[125],"3.07%.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-08T06:56:09.383167","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}