{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387914424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284163","title":"A Comprehensive Method for Measuring Flexibility at the Individual and Global Levels: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry","display_name":"A Comprehensive Method for Measuring Flexibility at the Individual and Global Levels: A Case Study in the Automotive Industry","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387914424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075740307","display_name":"A. Chehami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7551-0361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155607","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images et Syst\u00e8mes d'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04dv4he91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Chehami","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMR 5205 CNRS, INSA Lyon,LIRIS Laboratory,Villeurbanne Cedex,France,69621"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR 5205 CNRS, INSA Lyon,LIRIS Laboratory,Villeurbanne Cedex,France,69621","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210155607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031327226","display_name":"Armand Baboli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0542-3566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155607","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images et Syst\u00e8mes d'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04dv4he91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Baboli","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMR 5205 CNRS, INSA Lyon,LIRIS Laboratory,Villeurbanne Cedex,France,69621"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR 5205 CNRS, INSA Lyon,LIRIS Laboratory,Villeurbanne Cedex,France,69621","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210155607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026436913","display_name":"Eva Rother","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0932-3864"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Rother","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fiat Powertrain Technologies,Bourbon-Laney,France,71140"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fiat Powertrain Technologies,Bourbon-Laney,France,71140","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022701133","display_name":"Behnam Einabadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2775-5860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155607","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images et Syst\u00e8mes d'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04dv4he91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100532134","https://openalex.org/I112936343","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I188626449","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48430043","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Lyon","ror":"https://ror.org/050jn9y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203339264","https://openalex.org/I48430043"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Einabadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["UMR 5205 CNRS, INSA Lyon,LIRIS Laboratory,Villeurbanne Cedex,France,69621"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR 5205 CNRS, INSA Lyon,LIRIS Laboratory,Villeurbanne Cedex,France,69621","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48430043","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210155607"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031459081","display_name":"M. Ebrahimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ebrahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fiat Powertrain Technologies,Bourbon-Laney,France,71140"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fiat Powertrain Technologies,Bourbon-Laney,France,71140","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075740307"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210155607","https://openalex.org/I48430043"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2046,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50862561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1978","last_page":"1983"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.850739598274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.7199269533157349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agile-software-development","display_name":"Agile software development","score":0.6910611987113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5839484333992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5831495523452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.46736523509025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4670739471912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.42921021580696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3869914710521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.36884674429893494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.2704218924045563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2422492504119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.16168934106826782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.09832319617271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.08629834651947021}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.850739598274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.7199269533157349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14185376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30232","display_name":"Agile software development","level":2,"score":0.6910611987113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5839484333992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5831495523452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.46736523509025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4670739471912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.42921021580696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3869914710521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.36884674429893494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2704218924045563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2422492504119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16168934106826782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.09832319617271423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.08629834651947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284163","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/codit58514.2023.10284163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04292017v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04292017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922461","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2023 9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT), Jul 2023, Rome, Italy. pp.1978-1983, ⟨10.1109/CoDIT58514.2023.10284163⟩","raw_type":"Conference papers"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04978941v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04978941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922461","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2023 9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT), Jul 2023, Rome, France. pp.1978-1983, ⟨10.1109/CoDIT58514.2023.10284163⟩","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200397671","https://openalex.org/W2002041533","https://openalex.org/W2038331462","https://openalex.org/W2073745117","https://openalex.org/W2098066594","https://openalex.org/W2124378331","https://openalex.org/W2162803275","https://openalex.org/W2164683131","https://openalex.org/W2403749440","https://openalex.org/W2464053213","https://openalex.org/W3123499450","https://openalex.org/W4245745444","https://openalex.org/W4280495603","https://openalex.org/W4283689372","https://openalex.org/W4312198747","https://openalex.org/W6608322004"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382644535","https://openalex.org/W2522768275","https://openalex.org/W2352938035","https://openalex.org/W2656997359","https://openalex.org/W2351672553","https://openalex.org/W2373392303","https://openalex.org/W2765894405","https://openalex.org/W1884735063","https://openalex.org/W2372668238","https://openalex.org/W2275585136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0,131],"the":[1,4,20,38,59,65,71,94,102,108,126,132,140,150,157,163,167,174,178,189,197,205,222,250,254,258],"beginning":[2],"of":[3,67,80,86,93,105,111,129,134,142,173,181,208,249,260],"21st":[5],"century,":[6],"customer":[7],"demand":[8],"has":[9,36],"been":[10],"evolving":[11],"more":[12,14,41,53],"and":[13,33,56,62,82,107,116,124,153,187,237,245],"toward":[15],"individualized":[16],"items.":[17],"In":[18,226],"addition,":[19,227],"increase":[21],"in":[22,253,257],"uncertainties":[23,152],"related":[24,138],"to":[25,45,51,63,100,139,148,220,233],"geopolitical":[26],"contexts":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29],"wars,":[30],"political":[31],"conflicts,":[32],"energy":[34],"crises,":[35],"made":[37],"decision":[39],"process":[40],"complex.":[42],"To":[43],"respond":[44],"these":[46],"changes,":[47],"companies":[48,98],"are":[49,77,184,192],"forced":[50],"be":[52,231],"flexible,":[54],"agile,":[55],"resilient":[57],"on":[58,70,121,242],"one":[60,92],"hand":[61],"apply":[64],"concept":[66],"mass":[68],"individualization":[69],"other":[72],"hand.":[73],"Knowing":[74],"that":[75,83,217],"there":[76],"several":[78,182],"types":[79,104],"flexibility":[81,87,106,135,209,239],"higher":[84,89],"levels":[85,180,191,210],"generate":[88],"production":[90],"costs,":[91],"main":[95],"challenges":[96],"for":[97,113],"is":[99,136,145,265],"select":[101],"relevant":[103],"appropriate":[109,127,190],"level":[110,128,133,141],"them":[112],"their":[114,154],"projects":[115],"objectives.":[117],"This":[118],"paper":[119],"focuses":[120],"modelling,":[122],"measuring,":[123],"determining":[125],"flexibility.":[130],"mainly":[137],"uncertainties,":[143],"it":[144],"also":[146],"necessary":[147],"model":[149,203,234],"historical":[151,243],"relationship":[155],"with":[156],"company's":[158],"objective.":[159],"For":[160],"this":[161,228],"purpose,":[162],"proposed":[164,251],"method":[165,252],"uses":[166],"existing":[168],"key":[169],"performance":[170],"indicators":[171],"(KPIs)":[172],"company,":[175],"through":[176],"which":[177],"actual":[179],"flexibilities":[183],"first":[185],"measured":[186],"then":[188],"defined.":[193],"Furthermore,":[194],"by":[195],"considering":[196],"interdependence":[198],"between":[199],"flexibilities,":[200],"an":[201],"aggregation":[202],"transforms":[204],"individual":[206],"measures":[207],"into":[211],"a":[212,261],"Global":[213],"Flexibility":[214],"Indicator":[215],"(GFI)":[216],"allows":[218],"decision-makers":[219],"prioritize":[221],"most":[223],"important":[224],"project.":[225],"GFI":[229],"can":[230],"used":[232],"unpredictable":[235],"events":[236],"set":[238],"targets":[240],"based":[241],"data":[244],"events.":[246],"An":[247],"application":[248],"automotive":[255],"industry":[256],"context":[259],"new":[262],"product":[263],"introduction":[264],"presented.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}