{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2974158464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842962","title":"Vehicle tire (tyre) detection and text recognition using deep learning","display_name":"Vehicle tire (tyre) detection and text recognition using deep learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2974158464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842962","mag":"2974158464"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2019.8842962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842962","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 15th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Vehicle_tire_tyre_detection_and_text_recognition_using_deep_learning/26781715","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073113179","display_name":"Wajahat Kazmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-6810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122252","display_name":"WheelRight (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r34kc48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122252"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wajahat Kazmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["WheelRight Ltd, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WheelRight Ltd, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108041406","display_name":"Ian Nabney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-2855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Nabney","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Bristol University, Bristol, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Bristol University, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020722131","display_name":"George Vogiatzis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3226-0603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Vogiatzis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103867891","display_name":"Peter Rose","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122252","display_name":"WheelRight (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r34kc48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122252"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Rose","raw_affiliation_strings":["WheelRight Ltd, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WheelRight Ltd, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052581990","display_name":"Alexander Codd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122252","display_name":"WheelRight (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r34kc48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122252"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Codd","raw_affiliation_strings":["WheelRight Ltd, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WheelRight Ltd, Begbroke Science Park, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4068,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65893524,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1074","last_page":"1079"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7487367987632751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.739089846611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7053156495094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.6554374694824219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.6256129741668701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5848337411880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hough-transform","display_name":"Hough transform","score":0.5785095691680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5551085472106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5372061729431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5007262229919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chain-code","display_name":"Chain code","score":0.4864951968193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.42919105291366577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.41690167784690857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.23016658425331116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7487367987632751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.739089846611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7053156495094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.6554374694824219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.6256129741668701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5848337411880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200518788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q195076","display_name":"Hough transform","level":3,"score":0.5785095691680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5551085472106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5372061729431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5007262229919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93058836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1453572","display_name":"Chain code","level":3,"score":0.4864951968193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.42919105291366577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.41690167784690857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.23016658425331116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2019.8842962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842962","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 15th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/26781715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Vehicle_tire_tyre_detection_and_text_recognition_using_deep_learning/26781715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/26781715","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Vehicle_tire_tyre_detection_and_text_recognition_using_deep_learning/26781715","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7746136","https://openalex.org/W70975097","https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1922126009","https://openalex.org/W1963882359","https://openalex.org/W1998042868","https://openalex.org/W2049951199","https://openalex.org/W2066941820","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2294059674","https://openalex.org/W2343052201","https://openalex.org/W2526122044","https://openalex.org/W2605982830","https://openalex.org/W2613718673","https://openalex.org/W2953106684","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963542991","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W6600313631","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6629368666","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6696761078","https://openalex.org/W6785652829","https://openalex.org/W6997266731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097698401","https://openalex.org/W2071599417","https://openalex.org/W2048716406","https://openalex.org/W1870444468","https://openalex.org/W1964725559","https://openalex.org/W2023004103","https://openalex.org/W3109748140","https://openalex.org/W2433492094","https://openalex.org/W2767833206","https://openalex.org/W2354108169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2,110],"an":[3],"industrial":[4,121],"system":[5,109],"to":[6],"read":[7],"text":[8,59],"on":[9],"tire":[10,25,39,70],"sidewalls.":[11],"Images":[12],"of":[13,50,75],"vehicle":[14],"tires":[15],"in":[16],"motion":[17],"are":[18,84,100],"acquired":[19],"using":[20,29,87,103],"roadside":[21],"cameras.":[22],"Firstly,":[23],"the":[24,69,92,119],"circularity":[26],"is":[27,40,56,94],"detected":[28],"Circular":[30],"Hough":[31],"Transform":[32],"(CHT)":[33],"with":[34,79],"dynamic":[35],"radius":[36],"detection.":[37],"The":[38,82,108],"then":[41,85],"unwarped":[42],"into":[43],"a":[44,48,63,80,88],"rectangular":[45],"patch":[46],"and":[47,98,113],"cascade":[49],"convolutional":[51],"neural":[52],"network":[53],"(CNN)":[54],"classifiers":[55],"applied":[57],"for":[58,67,118],"recognition.":[60],"We":[61],"introduce":[62],"novel":[64],"proposal":[65],"generator":[66],"localizing":[68],"code":[71,93],"by":[72],"combining":[73],"Histogram":[74],"Oriented":[76],"Gradients":[77],"(HOG)":[78],"CNN.":[81],"proposals":[83],"filtered":[86],"deep":[89,106],"network.":[90],"After":[91],"localized,":[95],"character":[96],"detection":[97],"recognition":[99],"carried":[101],"out":[102],"two":[104],"separate":[105],"CNNs.":[107],"impressive":[111],"accuracy":[112],"efficiency":[114],"proving":[115],"its":[116],"suitability":[117],"intended":[120],"application.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}