{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2974446730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842957","title":"Selecting the Optimal System Design under Covariates","display_name":"Selecting the Optimal System Design under Covariates","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2974446730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842957","mag":"2974446730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2019.8842957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842957","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 15th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076608196","display_name":"Siyang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3574-6393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management and School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management and School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033843489","display_name":"Jianzhong Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5355-5902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhong Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017945484","display_name":"Chun\u2010Hung Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7824-1814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Hung Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Engineering & Operations Research, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Engineering & Operations Research, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9904,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9717682,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"547","last_page":"552"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11798","display_name":"Optimal Experimental Design Methods","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariate","display_name":"Covariate","score":0.8759250044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6964921951293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.661325216293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6587048172950745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6319279670715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.49934983253479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4932631850242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4345756471157074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymptotically-optimal-algorithm","display_name":"Asymptotically optimal algorithm","score":0.4345672130584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","score":0.426568865776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26134181022644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.22820520401000977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.8759250044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6964921951293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.661325216293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6587048172950745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6319279670715332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49934983253479004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4932631850242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4345756471157074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181789720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4812191","display_name":"Asymptotically optimal algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4345672130584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.426568865776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26134181022644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.22820520401000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2019.8842957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2019.8842957","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 15th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536615069","https://openalex.org/W1698608285","https://openalex.org/W2015923411","https://openalex.org/W2030006024","https://openalex.org/W2037728958","https://openalex.org/W2054222839","https://openalex.org/W2117674213","https://openalex.org/W2165138637","https://openalex.org/W2312449412","https://openalex.org/W2401855953","https://openalex.org/W2499226730","https://openalex.org/W2601522716","https://openalex.org/W2607129756","https://openalex.org/W2784058980","https://openalex.org/W2964059559","https://openalex.org/W3129972323","https://openalex.org/W4212920552","https://openalex.org/W4240074275","https://openalex.org/W4301258660"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2985746494","https://openalex.org/W4206042385","https://openalex.org/W2511384863","https://openalex.org/W2080773131","https://openalex.org/W2096089271","https://openalex.org/W2923628599","https://openalex.org/W2014100433","https://openalex.org/W2051519658","https://openalex.org/W2994787386","https://openalex.org/W2002304499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"research,":[2],"we":[3],"consider":[4],"the":[5,11,32,35,38,43,51,73,77,89,111,116,121,127],"ranking":[6],"and":[7,80,100],"selection":[8,74,103,112,128],"problem":[9,19],"in":[10,20,120],"presence":[12],"of":[13,26,34,85,126],"covariates.":[14],"It":[15],"is":[16,45,98,105,130],"an":[17,92],"important":[18],"personalized":[21],"decision":[22],"making.":[23],"The":[24,123],"performance":[25],"each":[27,55],"design":[28,53],"alternative":[29],"depends":[30],"on":[31],"values":[33],"covariates":[36],"to":[37,47,60,71],"simulation":[39],"model":[40],"for":[41],"which":[42],"relationship":[44],"hard":[46],"describe":[48],"analytically.":[49],"Therefore":[50],"optimal":[52,94,118],"under":[54],"possible":[56],"covariate":[57,78],"value":[58],"needs":[59],"be":[61],"estimated":[62],"by":[63],"simulation.":[64],"This":[65],"work":[66],"first":[67],"introduces":[68],"three":[69],"measures":[70],"evaluate":[72],"quality":[75],"over":[76],"space":[79],"investigates":[81],"their":[82],"rate":[83,90],"functions":[84],"convergence.":[86],"By":[87],"optimizing":[88],"functions,":[91],"asymptotically":[93],"budget":[95],"allocation":[96,119],"rule":[97],"developed":[99],"a":[101],"corresponding":[102],"algorithm":[104,113,129],"devised.":[106],"We":[107],"further":[108],"show":[109],"that":[110],"can":[114],"recover":[115],"asymptotical":[117],"limit.":[122],"high":[124],"efficiency":[125],"illustrated":[131],"via":[132],"numerical":[133],"testing.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
