{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2553453371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2016.7743381","title":"A 3D-printed portable microindenter for mechanical characterization of soft materials","display_name":"A 3D-printed portable microindenter for mechanical characterization of soft materials","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2553453371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2016.7743381","mag":"2553453371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2016.7743381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2016.7743381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100737818","display_name":"Chen Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7473-7038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101575540","display_name":"Qiyang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6230-6000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiyang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087087497","display_name":"Tyler Clancy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyler Clancy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026058374","display_name":"Xinyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-9765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":null,"first_page":"201","last_page":"206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11799","display_name":"Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polydimethylsiloxane","display_name":"Polydimethylsiloxane","score":0.7626121044158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indentation","display_name":"Indentation","score":0.6159127950668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printed","display_name":"3d printed","score":0.5657961964607239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5564106106758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeatability","display_name":"Repeatability","score":0.5324220657348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5289226770401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-system","display_name":"Mechanical system","score":0.5110553503036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.5080156326293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-materials","display_name":"Soft materials","score":0.49685290455818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-acquisition","display_name":"Data acquisition","score":0.4870929718017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4404657483100891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.2857009470462799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.19760075211524963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19754058122634888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.14923325181007385}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779849746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411955","display_name":"Polydimethylsiloxane","level":2,"score":0.7626121044158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780902562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154141","display_name":"Indentation","level":2,"score":0.6159127950668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019308078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3d printed","level":2,"score":0.5657961964607239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5564106106758118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154020017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520171","display_name":"Repeatability","level":2,"score":0.5324220657348633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5289226770401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171912257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11019","display_name":"Mechanical system","level":2,"score":0.5110553503036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5080156326293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982836594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902144","display_name":"Soft materials","level":2,"score":0.49685290455818176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163985040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172399","display_name":"Data acquisition","level":2,"score":0.4870929718017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4404657483100891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2857009470462799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19760075211524963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19754058122634888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.14923325181007385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2016.7743381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2016.7743381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W640392799","https://openalex.org/W1504545658","https://openalex.org/W1529921953","https://openalex.org/W1963764377","https://openalex.org/W1972111566","https://openalex.org/W2037314810","https://openalex.org/W2253658535","https://openalex.org/W2467910805","https://openalex.org/W2949559453","https://openalex.org/W6719746955","https://openalex.org/W6763501163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985565313","https://openalex.org/W2259450050","https://openalex.org/W2751709156","https://openalex.org/W2750029803","https://openalex.org/W2170016567","https://openalex.org/W2969481005","https://openalex.org/W2004727624","https://openalex.org/W2111365092","https://openalex.org/W205179978","https://openalex.org/W4392017438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,144],"report":[4],"a":[5,26,30,36,111,117,131],"3D-printed":[6,181],"portable":[7],"microindenter":[8],"for":[9,137,194],"measuring":[10],"the":[11,46,50,65,69,107,128,142,162,170,175,189],"mechanical":[12,59,66,108,119],"properties":[13],"of":[14,21,45,68,75,110,148,161],"soft":[15,112,195],"materials.":[16],"The":[17,71,97],"system":[18,47,72],"is":[19,73],"composed":[20],"three":[22,152],"major":[23],"components:":[24],"(i)":[25],"Z-axis":[27],"stage,":[28],"(ii)":[29],"force-sensing":[31],"indentation":[32,80,102],"probe,":[33],"and":[34,39,57,61,84,93,134,157,186,191],"(iii)":[35],"data":[37,99],"acquisition":[38],"control":[40],"system.":[41,70],"We":[42,121],"construct":[43],"most":[44],"parts":[48],"(including":[49],"force":[51,85],"sensing":[52,86],"probe)":[53],"by":[54],"3D":[55],"printing,":[56],"perform":[58,145],"design":[60],"analysis":[62],"to":[63,105],"guarantee":[64],"robustness":[67],"capable":[74],"performing":[76],"high-precision,":[77],"non-destructive":[78],"material":[79,113,196],"testing":[81,147],"with":[82,151,169],"displacement":[83],"resolutions":[87],"as":[88,90],"low":[89],"0.625":[91],"\u03bcm":[92],"73":[94],"\u03bcN,":[95],"respectively.":[96],"force-deformation":[98],"obtained":[100],"during":[101],"are":[103],"used":[104],"determine":[106],"characteristics":[109],"sample":[114],"based":[115],"on":[116],"Hertz's":[118],"model.":[120],"also":[122],"integrate":[123],"several":[124],"user-friendly":[125],"features":[126],"into":[127],"system,":[129],"including":[130],"touch":[132],"screen":[133],"customized":[135],"software":[136],"convenient":[138],"user-machine":[139],"interactions.":[140],"Using":[141],"microindenter,":[143,182],"elastic":[146],"polydimethylsiloxane":[149],"(PDMS)":[150],"base/curing":[153],"agent":[154],"ratios":[155],"(w/w),":[156],"achieve":[158],"consistent":[159],"results":[160,172],"materials'":[163],"Young's":[164],"moduli":[165],"in":[166,174],"good":[167],"agreement":[168],"previous":[171],"reported":[173],"literature.":[176],"This":[177],"proves":[178],"that":[179],"our":[180],"although":[183],"being":[184],"custom-made":[185],"low-cost,":[187],"maintains":[188],"accuracy":[190],"repeatability":[192],"required":[193],"testing.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}