{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1988538749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2008.4626472","title":"System and algorithms for an autonomous observatory assisting the search for the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker","display_name":"System and algorithms for an autonomous observatory assisting the search for the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1988538749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2008.4626472","mag":"1988538749"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2008.4626472","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2008.4626472","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068847615","display_name":"Dezhen Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dezhen Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073184776","display_name":"Ni Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-9780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102401767","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Little Rock","ror":"https://ror.org/04fttyv97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ni Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Engineering Technology and Information Technology, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA","Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Engineering Technology and Information Technology, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110077216","display_name":"XU Yi-liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiliang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036797312","display_name":"Chang Young Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Young Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["IEOR and EECS Departments, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEOR and EECS Departments, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University College Station, TX#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097879351","display_name":"David Luneau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102401767","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Little Rock","ror":"https://ror.org/04fttyv97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Luneau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","Departments of Engineering Technology and Information Technology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 72204, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Engineering Technology and Information Technology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 72204, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102401767"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010019244","display_name":"Ken Goldberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6747-9499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken Goldberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","IEOR and EECS Departments, UC Berkeley, CA 94720, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEOR and EECS Departments, UC Berkeley, CA 94720, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068847615"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7735,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85578841,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"200","last_page":"205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5883413553237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5175156593322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sky","display_name":"Sky","score":0.48676609992980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4538683593273163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.44322335720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observatory","display_name":"Observatory","score":0.41414502263069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32934096455574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.22205516695976257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.19409304857254028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.12958145141601562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.10435959696769714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5883413553237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5175156593322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73329638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527","display_name":"Sky","level":2,"score":0.48676609992980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4538683593273163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.44322335720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779919027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62832","display_name":"Observatory","level":2,"score":0.41414502263069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32934096455574036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.22205516695976257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.19409304857254028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.12958145141601562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.10435959696769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/coase.2008.4626472","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coase.2008.4626472","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.139.5526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.139.5526","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ieor.berkeley.edu/~goldberg/pubs/dez-ni_ACONE_v15.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.649.2645","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.649.2645","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://faculty.cs.tamu.edu/dzsong/pdfs/ni_ACONE_v16.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.71.6342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.71.6342","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://goldberg.berkeley.edu/pubs/ni_ACONE_v14.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497426550","https://openalex.org/W1499877760","https://openalex.org/W1687797484","https://openalex.org/W1693345094","https://openalex.org/W1891609420","https://openalex.org/W2031558089","https://openalex.org/W2037616806","https://openalex.org/W2055953874","https://openalex.org/W2075554361","https://openalex.org/W2108261128","https://openalex.org/W2115606256","https://openalex.org/W2115612190","https://openalex.org/W2135005275","https://openalex.org/W2137264484","https://openalex.org/W2137339307","https://openalex.org/W2143240455","https://openalex.org/W2143926952","https://openalex.org/W2174906254","https://openalex.org/W2265771988","https://openalex.org/W2317550979","https://openalex.org/W3003662786","https://openalex.org/W6629675316","https://openalex.org/W6629695367","https://openalex.org/W6637369054","https://openalex.org/W6693021663"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4231704780","https://openalex.org/W2357146953","https://openalex.org/W2083794993","https://openalex.org/W1554583116","https://openalex.org/W2528420922","https://openalex.org/W2245358137","https://openalex.org/W3010033880","https://openalex.org/W1852911463","https://openalex.org/W352609212","https://openalex.org/W1511772879"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ornithologists,":[0],"conservationists,":[1],"and":[2,69,95,116,135,158,200,213],"millions":[3],"of":[4,14,20,22,24,81,108,122,189,215],"birdwatchers":[5],"consider":[6],"the":[7,11,55,75,88,102,178,201],"Ivory-Billed":[8],"Woodpecker":[9],"(IBWO)":[10],"\u2018Holy":[12],"Grail":[13],"Birds.\u2019":[15],"There":[16],"have":[17,51,60,148,166],"been":[18,33,52,167,173],"hundreds":[19],"reports":[21,68],"sightings":[23],"this":[25,84],"magnificent":[26],"bird":[27,164],"but":[28],"no":[29],"conclusive":[30],"photo":[31],"has":[32,172,203],"recorded":[34],"since":[35],"1948.":[36],"Under":[37],"our":[38,150],"broader":[39],"research":[40],"effort":[41],"to":[42,139,182,191,206],"develop":[43],"networked":[44],"autonomous":[45,90],"\u201cobservatories\u201d":[46],"for":[47],"natural":[48],"environments,":[49],"we":[50,86,93,147],"working":[53],"with":[54,162,195],"Cornell":[56],"University":[57],"researchers":[58],"who":[59],"led":[61],"a":[62,187],"massive":[63],"search":[64],"initiated":[65],"by":[66,176],"eyewitness":[67],"low":[70,196],"resolution":[71,106],"video":[72,107,170],"captured":[73],"in":[74,97],"Cache":[76],"River":[77],"National":[78],"Wildlife":[79],"Refuge":[80],"Arkansas.":[82],"In":[83],"paper":[85],"describe":[87],"two-camera":[89],"observatory":[91],"system":[92,179,202],"designed":[94],"installed":[96],"Arkansas":[98],"that":[99,146],"continuously":[100],"scans":[101],"sky,":[103],"recording":[104],"high":[105],"candidate":[109],"birds.":[110,142],"We":[111],"report":[112],"on":[113,119],"hardware,":[114],"software,":[115],"algorithms":[117],"based":[118],"15":[120],"months":[121],"field":[123,208],"experiments.":[124],"Our":[125],"image":[126],"processing":[127],"algorithm":[128],"combines":[129],"size":[130],"filtering,":[131,134],"nonparametric":[132],"motion":[133],"temporal":[136],"difference":[137],"filtering":[138],"detect":[140],"flying":[141,185],"Initial":[143],"results":[144],"suggest":[145],"met":[149],"four":[151],"design":[152],"goals:":[153],"sensitivity,":[154],"data":[155,171],"reduction,":[156],"accuracy,":[157],"robustness.":[159],"Video":[160],"segments":[161],"several":[163],"species":[165],"conclusively":[168],"identified,":[169],"consistently":[174],"reduced":[175],"99.9953%,":[177],"is":[180],"able":[181],"capture":[183],"birds":[184],"at":[186],"speed":[188],"up":[190,205],"60km":[192],"per":[193],"hour":[194],"false":[197],"negative":[198],"rates,":[199],"held":[204],"harsh":[207],"conditions.":[209],"For":[210],"latest":[211],"updates":[212],"samples":[214],"video,":[216],"please":[217],"see":[218],"http://www.c-o-n-e.org/acone/.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
