{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147186919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11453073","title":"Marker Assisted Localization for Autonomous Vehicles","display_name":"Marker Assisted Localization for Autonomous Vehicles","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147186919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11453073"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11453073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11453073","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 International Conference on Communication Networks and Machine Learning (CNML)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014040705","display_name":"Baobao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6311-8469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308199089","display_name":"Harbin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ey9xa07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308199089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Cambridge University,School of Automotive and Mechatronic Engineering,Harbin,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Cambridge University,School of Automotive and Mechatronic Engineering,Harbin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225","https://openalex.org/I1308199089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034381022","display_name":"Linbin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6362-4418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099079","display_name":"Institute of Intelligent Machines","ror":"https://ror.org/00w0qep84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2802624667","https://openalex.org/I4210099079"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linbin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingfei.AI,Department of Intelligent and Connected Vehicle,Hangzhou,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingfei.AI,Department of Intelligent and Connected Vehicle,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132579233","display_name":"Yifei Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099079","display_name":"Institute of Intelligent Machines","ror":"https://ror.org/00w0qep84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I2802624667","https://openalex.org/I4210099079"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingfei.AI,Department of Intelligent and Connected Vehicle,Hangzhou,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingfei.AI,Department of Intelligent and Connected Vehicle,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074851381","display_name":"H. L. Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5820-0342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308199089","display_name":"Harbin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ey9xa07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308199089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyang Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbin Cambridge University,School of Automotive and Mechatronic Engineering,Harbin,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbin Cambridge University,School of Automotive and Mechatronic Engineering,Harbin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225","https://openalex.org/I1308199089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014040705"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308199089","https://openalex.org/I151727225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94476298,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"705","last_page":"708"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.3675999939441681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.3675999939441681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.33869999647140503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.1005999967455864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6805999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrilateral","display_name":"Quadrilateral","score":0.6338000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.43369999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.3668999969959259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6805999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151756577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36810","display_name":"Quadrilateral","level":3,"score":0.6338000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5760999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.43369999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11453073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11453073","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 International Conference on Communication Networks and Machine Learning (CNML)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8104540109634399,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975057272","https://openalex.org/W2044435848","https://openalex.org/W2564931861","https://openalex.org/W2565233142","https://openalex.org/W3084892460","https://openalex.org/W4205977910","https://openalex.org/W4214842996","https://openalex.org/W4226293621","https://openalex.org/W4282921501","https://openalex.org/W4283373333","https://openalex.org/W4285221572","https://openalex.org/W4386634496","https://openalex.org/W4386973845","https://openalex.org/W4387789869","https://openalex.org/W4392515775","https://openalex.org/W4392901619","https://openalex.org/W4396855832","https://openalex.org/W4406715430","https://openalex.org/W4406857034","https://openalex.org/W4414987712"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Centimeter-level":[0],"precise":[1],"localization":[2,25,59,156],"stands":[3],"as":[4],"a":[5,54,150],"fundamental":[6],"prerequisite":[7],"for":[8,153],"the":[9,65,70,127],"safe":[10],"and":[11,43,69,86,97,118,146],"reliable":[12],"operation":[13],"of":[14,73,106],"autonomous":[15,159],"vehicles,":[16],"especially":[17],"in":[18,158],"intricate":[19],"urban":[20],"intersection":[21,155],"scenarios":[22],"where":[23],"conventional":[24],"approaches":[26],"often":[27],"struggle":[28],"with":[29],"performance":[30],"degradation.":[31],"Existing":[32],"methods":[33],"face":[34],"significant":[35],"challenges":[36],"at":[37,101],"intersections":[38],"due":[39],"to":[40],"environmental":[41],"shielding":[42],"dynamic":[44],"object":[45],"occlusion.":[46],"To":[47],"address":[48],"this":[49],"critical":[50],"issue,":[51],"we":[52],"propose":[53],"marker":[55,76,107,119],"assisted":[56],"vehicle-road":[57],"cooperative":[58],"methodology.":[60],"This":[61],"paper":[62],"focuses":[63],"on":[64,94],"core":[66],"methodology":[67,80,145],"design":[68],"key":[71],"technology":[72,148],"vehicle":[74,133],"top":[75,134],"detection.":[77],"The":[78,144],"proposed":[79],"satisfies":[81],"feasibility,":[82],"reliability,":[83],"explainability,":[84],"social,":[85],"economic":[87],"requirements":[88],"by":[89,140],"leveraging":[90],"special":[91],"markers":[92,135],"installed":[93],"bus":[95,160],"tops":[96],"existing":[98],"roadside":[99],"cameras":[100],"intelligent":[102],"intersections.":[103],"A":[104],"implementation":[105],"detection,":[108],"including":[109],"adaptive":[110],"thresholding,":[111],"edge":[112],"processing,":[113],"cycle":[114],"extraction,":[115],"quadrilateral":[116],"verification,":[117],"decoding,":[120],"is":[121],"presented.":[122],"Simulation":[123],"results":[124],"demonstrate":[125],"that":[126],"detection":[128,147],"method":[129],"can":[130],"effectively":[131],"identify":[132],"even":[136],"under":[137],"severe":[138],"occlusion":[139],"large":[141],"surrounding":[142],"vehicles.":[143],"provide":[149],"robust":[151],"foundation":[152],"solving":[154],"problems":[157],"operations.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T13:53:19.096889","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}