{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147168849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11452473","title":"Joint Optimization for Dual UAV Swarm Collaborative Beamforming in Long-Range Communications","display_name":"Joint Optimization for Dual UAV Swarm Collaborative Beamforming in Long-Range Communications","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147168849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11452473"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11452473","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11452473","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 International Conference on Communication Networks and Machine Learning (CNML)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132703446","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029911006","display_name":"Lu Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1687-0863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132603023","display_name":"Xin Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075114467","display_name":"Jiaxing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9676-3771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132728720","display_name":"Rui Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University,School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104520994","display_name":"Guowei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-9426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130112","display_name":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/038dte259","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guowei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Academy of Information and Communications Technology,Beijing,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Academy of Information and Communications Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130112"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5132703446"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94410586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"347","last_page":"352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6754999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coordinate-descent","display_name":"Coordinate descent","score":0.6499000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5583000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.3634999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6776999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6754999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157553263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5168004","display_name":"Coordinate descent","level":2,"score":0.6499000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5583000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.3634999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.33570000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1034443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2583685","display_name":"Propulsion","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11452473","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cnml68938.2026.11452473","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 International Conference on Communication Networks and Machine Learning (CNML)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9081159234046936}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2219490794","https://openalex.org/W2517636134","https://openalex.org/W2964023906","https://openalex.org/W2964135632","https://openalex.org/W3171539023","https://openalex.org/W4365128888","https://openalex.org/W4387444224","https://openalex.org/W4398172487","https://openalex.org/W4400079942","https://openalex.org/W4409234864"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Long-range":[0],"wireless":[1],"communication":[2,71,170],"typically":[3],"requires":[4],"high":[5,41],"transmit":[6],"power":[7],"or":[8,17],"costly":[9],"satellite":[10],"links,":[11],"which":[12,89],"limits":[13],"coverage":[14],"in":[15,88,168],"remote":[16],"obstructed":[18],"areas.":[19],"Uncrewed":[20],"aerial":[21],"vehicle":[22],"(UAV)":[23],"swarms":[24,92],"provide":[25],"a":[26,67,83,96,135],"flexible":[27],"and":[28,55,63,73,99,119,152,161],"low-cost":[29],"solution":[30],"by":[31,109],"forming":[32],"virtual":[33],"antenna":[34],"arrays,":[35],"where":[36],"collaborative":[37],"beamforming":[38],"(CB)":[39],"enables":[40],"directional":[42],"gain":[43],"with":[44,142,165],"lightweight,":[45],"low-power":[46],"hardware.":[47],"However,":[48],"long-range":[49,169],"CB":[50],"introduces":[51],"significant":[52],"formation":[53,117],"delays":[54],"propulsion":[56,123],"energy":[57,74,124,162],"consumption":[58,163],"due":[59],"to":[60],"UAV":[61,91,115],"mobility":[62],"array":[64],"reconfiguration,":[65],"creating":[66],"fundamental":[68],"trade-off":[69],"between":[70,95],"latency":[72,160],"efficiency.":[75],"To":[76],"address":[77],"this":[78,80],"issue,":[79],"paper":[81],"investigates":[82],"three-hop":[84],"UAV-assisted":[85],"relay":[86],"network,":[87],"two":[90],"forward":[93],"data":[94],"ground":[97,101],"server":[98],"multiple":[100],"users.":[102],"The":[103,126],"total":[104],"service":[105,120],"time":[106],"is":[107,131],"minimized":[108],"jointly":[110],"optimizing":[111],"excitation":[112],"currents,":[113],"3D":[114],"positions,":[116],"times,":[118],"sequences":[121],"under":[122],"constraints.":[125],"resulting":[127],"mixed-integer":[128],"non-convex":[129],"problem":[130],"efficiently":[132],"solved":[133],"using":[134],"block":[136],"coordinate":[137],"descent":[138],"(BCD)":[139],"algorithm":[140],"embedded":[141],"successive":[143],"convex":[144],"approximation":[145],"(SCA).":[146],"Simulation":[147],"results":[148],"verify":[149],"rapid":[150],"convergence":[151],"demonstrate":[153],"that":[154],"the":[155],"proposed":[156],"design":[157],"significantly":[158],"reduces":[159],"compared":[164],"benchmark":[166],"schemes":[167],"scenarios.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T13:53:19.096889","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}