{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130900504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2015.7335284","title":"Virtualization framework for energy efficient IoT networks","display_name":"Virtualization framework for energy efficient IoT networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130900504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2015.7335284","mag":"2130900504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cloudnet.2015.7335284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2015.7335284","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 4th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063163718","display_name":"Zaineb T. Al-Azez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-0901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zaineb T. Al-Azez","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068999131","display_name":"Ahmed Q. Lawey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3571-4110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Q. Lawey","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090289685","display_name":"Taisir E. H. El-Gorashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9744-1790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taisir E.H. El-Gorashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088539425","display_name":"Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3319-9103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaafar M.H. Elmirghani","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063163718"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8028,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91526756,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"74","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7656501531600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7502017021179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6691319942474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.6051591038703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-gateway","display_name":"Default gateway","score":0.5629995465278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5083248019218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.4966006875038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4844937026500702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4782496988773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4613061547279358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.45158299803733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.4214971661567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4183448553085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.22599110007286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.16416427493095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11373230814933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.07357174158096313}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7656501531600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7502017021179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6691319942474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.6051591038703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.5629995465278625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5083248019218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.4966006875038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4844937026500702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4782496988773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4613061547279358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.45158299803733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.4214971661567688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4183448553085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.22599110007286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.16416427493095398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11373230814933777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.07357174158096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cloudnet.2015.7335284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2015.7335284","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 4th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:92732","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2995055066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K016873/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6002839104","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/H040536/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965147469","https://openalex.org/W1965638547","https://openalex.org/W1969690570","https://openalex.org/W1994721878","https://openalex.org/W1998690350","https://openalex.org/W2000085628","https://openalex.org/W2001262649","https://openalex.org/W2047026753","https://openalex.org/W2067503796","https://openalex.org/W2096974968","https://openalex.org/W2099692426","https://openalex.org/W2100902537","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2138128664","https://openalex.org/W6650105910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088620127","https://openalex.org/W2743348030","https://openalex.org/W2900408237","https://openalex.org/W1963799338","https://openalex.org/W2036412865","https://openalex.org/W2542775576","https://openalex.org/W2947629119","https://openalex.org/W2545334782","https://openalex.org/W2346893066","https://openalex.org/W2160597328"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,26],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"a":[5,145,159],"Mixed":[6],"Integer":[7],"Linear":[8],"Programming":[9],"(MILP)":[10],"model":[11],"to":[12,117,151,154],"design":[13],"an":[14],"energy":[15],"efficient":[16],"cloud":[17,162],"computing":[18],"platform":[19],"for":[20],"Internet":[21],"of":[22,33,41,68,73,82,107,115,136,149],"Things":[23],"(IoT)":[24],"networks.":[25],"our":[27],"model,":[28],"the":[29,57,66,74,99,105,113,119,133,140,165],"IoT":[30,42,78,83,100,141,156],"network":[31,142],"consisted":[32,40],"four":[34],"layers.":[35],"The":[36,47,80],"first":[37],"(lowest)":[38],"layer":[39],"devices,":[43],"e.g.":[44],"temperature":[45],"sensors.":[46],"networking":[48,63,101],"elements":[49,64],"(relays,":[50],"coordinators":[51],"and":[52,71,96,112,127],"gateways)":[53],"are":[54],"located":[55,97,163],"within":[56,98],"upper":[58],"three":[59],"layers,":[60],"respectively.":[61],"These":[62],"perform":[65],"tasks":[67],"data":[69,157],"aggregation":[70,126],"processing":[72,81,155],"traffic":[75,84,125],"produced":[76],"by":[77,87,92,124],"devices.":[79],"is":[85],"handled":[86],"Virtual":[88],"Machines":[89],"(VMs)":[90],"hosted":[91],"distributed":[93],"mini":[94,108,137,161],"clouds":[95,138],"elements.":[102],"We":[103],"optimized":[104],"number":[106],"clouds,":[109],"their":[110],"location":[111],"placement":[114],"VMs":[116],"reduce":[118],"total":[120,146],"power":[121,147],"consumption":[122],"induced":[123],"processing.":[128],"Our":[129],"results":[130],"showed":[131],"that":[132],"optimal":[134],"distribution":[135],"in":[139,158],"could":[143],"yield":[144],"savings":[148],"up":[150],"36%":[152],"compared":[153],"single":[160],"at":[164],"gateway":[166],"layer.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}