{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2093377798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2014.6968986","title":"Energy-efficient virtual machine placement in data centers with heterogeneous requirements","display_name":"Energy-efficient virtual machine placement in data centers with heterogeneous requirements","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2093377798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2014.6968986","mag":"2093377798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cloudnet.2014.6968986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2014.6968986","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087464513","display_name":"Xiangming Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangming Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","Department of Computer Science & Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062529889","display_name":"Jason Min Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4675-2146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Min Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","Department of Computer Science & Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046689669","display_name":"Brahim Bensaou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4473-3658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brahim Bensaou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","Department of Computer Science & Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"161","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.8228328227996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8064988255500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.7380284667015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.7077156901359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.6503046154975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5931439995765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.549085795879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5243197679519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greedy-algorithm","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","score":0.47952914237976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.26937705278396606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2500450015068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.15951788425445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11027052998542786}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.8228328227996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8064988255500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.7380284667015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.7077156901359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.6503046154975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5931439995765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.549085795879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5243197679519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.47952914237976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.26937705278396606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2500450015068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.15951788425445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11027052998542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cloudnet.2014.6968986","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudnet.2014.6968986","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-68453","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=000411486400027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-68453","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-68453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148964820","https://openalex.org/W1527264199","https://openalex.org/W1540047495","https://openalex.org/W1649074079","https://openalex.org/W1968982033","https://openalex.org/W1974875356","https://openalex.org/W1991384517","https://openalex.org/W2074070386","https://openalex.org/W2077661716","https://openalex.org/W2134807578","https://openalex.org/W2149472591","https://openalex.org/W2168843283","https://openalex.org/W2169466806","https://openalex.org/W4229980779","https://openalex.org/W6606063390","https://openalex.org/W6632257669","https://openalex.org/W6636793615"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055187606","https://openalex.org/W1498304890","https://openalex.org/W1969542292","https://openalex.org/W4214914670","https://openalex.org/W2084875360","https://openalex.org/W3006216828","https://openalex.org/W3123077549","https://openalex.org/W2904165227","https://openalex.org/W2770088598","https://openalex.org/W70469698"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"energy":[1,25,34,64,155,195],"spent":[2],"on":[3,142],"powering":[4,117],"the":[5,15,19,32,47,63,76,99,112,123,143,148,153,160,198],"global":[6],"information":[7],"technology":[8],"(IT)":[9],"infrastructure":[10],"has":[11,39],"grown":[12],"tremendously":[13],"in":[14,23,66,75,166],"past":[16],"decade,":[17],"despite":[18],"dramatic":[20],"improvement":[21],"achieved":[22],"building":[24],"efficient":[26],"IT":[27],"devices.":[28],"In":[29,56],"particular,":[30],"reducing":[31],"high":[33],"consumption":[35,65,114,196],"of":[36,162,197],"data":[37,67,77],"centers":[38,68],"become":[40],"a":[41,84],"very":[42],"important":[43],"area":[44],"due":[45],"to":[46,61,110,151,177,193],"sudden":[48],"popularity":[49],"and":[50,88,170,174,185],"demand":[51],"for":[52],"cloud":[53],"computing":[54],"services.":[55],"this":[57,81],"paper,":[58],"we":[59],"propose":[60],"optimize":[62],"by":[69,115],"placing":[70],"customers'":[71],"virtual":[72,102,126],"machines":[73],"intelligently":[74],"center.":[78],"We":[79,92,157],"formulate":[80],"problem":[82,87],"as":[83,138,140],"mathematical":[85],"optimization":[86],"prove":[89],"it's":[90],"NP-hardness.":[91],"further":[93],"explore":[94],"two":[95,164],"greedy":[96],"approximation":[97],"algorithms:":[98],"minimum":[100,124],"power":[101,113],"machine":[103,127],"(VM)":[104],"placement":[105,128],"algorithm":[106,129],"(MinPow),":[107],"that":[108,131,183,189],"attempts":[109],"decrease":[111,152],"avoiding":[116],"up":[118],"unnecessarily":[119],"additional":[120],"servers;":[121],"and,":[122],"communication":[125],"(MinCom),":[130],"aims":[132],"at":[133],"packing":[134],"one":[135],"user's":[136],"VMs":[137],"much":[139],"possible":[141],"same":[144,149],"server":[145],"or":[146],"under":[147],"rack":[150],"networking":[154],"cost.":[156],"further,":[158],"examine":[159],"performance":[161],"these":[163],"algorithms":[165],"both":[167],"small":[168],"scale":[169,172],"large":[171],"clusters,":[173],"compare":[175],"them":[176],"other":[178],"alternatives.":[179],"Our":[180],"results":[181],"demonstrate":[182],"MinPow":[184],"MinCom":[186],"yield":[187],"placements":[188],"are":[190],"within":[191],"5%":[192],"10%":[194],"optimal":[199],"solution.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
