{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391529304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cist56084.2023.10409973","title":"Named Entity Recognition in the Moroccan Dialect","display_name":"Named Entity Recognition in the Moroccan Dialect","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391529304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cist56084.2023.10409973"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cist56084.2023.10409973","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cist56084.2023.10409973","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 7th IEEE Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091931255","display_name":"Hanane Nour Moussa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47844","display_name":"Al Akhawayn University","ror":"https://ror.org/03erkev52","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47844"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanane Nour Moussa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane,School of Science and Engineering,Morcco","School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane, Morcco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane,School of Science and Engineering,Morcco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47844"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane, Morcco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47844"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003971841","display_name":"Asmaa Mourhir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2841-2739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47844","display_name":"Al Akhawayn University","ror":"https://ror.org/03erkev52","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47844"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asmaa Mourhir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane,School of Science and Engineering,Morcco","School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane, Morcco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane,School of Science and Engineering,Morcco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47844"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane Ifrane, Morcco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47844"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091931255"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47844"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1746,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59976923,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"282","last_page":"286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-random-field","display_name":"Conditional random field","score":0.8374497890472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.7769088745117188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7670308351516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/softmax-function","display_name":"Softmax function","score":0.6661759614944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crfs","display_name":"CRFS","score":0.6483985185623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.6236094832420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6213037371635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5837069749832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/f1-score","display_name":"F1 score","score":0.5050955414772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.4783889055252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.4592426121234894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.45324578881263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.44874024391174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.4443690776824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.4323180317878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.37019315361976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3605312705039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.16739028692245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.11852768063545227}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.8374497890472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.7769088745117188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7670308351516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188441871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554146","display_name":"Softmax function","level":3,"score":0.6661759614944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775953691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013874","display_name":"CRFS","level":3,"score":0.6483985185623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.6236094832420349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6213037371635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5837069749832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148524875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6975395","display_name":"F1 score","level":2,"score":0.5050955414772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.4783889055252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4592426121234894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.45324578881263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.44874024391174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4443690776824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4323180317878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.37019315361976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3605312705039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.16739028692245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.11852768063545227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cist56084.2023.10409973","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cist56084.2023.10409973","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 7th IEEE Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1651266083","https://openalex.org/W2773616286","https://openalex.org/W2791193613","https://openalex.org/W2908003533","https://openalex.org/W2945018970","https://openalex.org/W2964111172","https://openalex.org/W3011594683","https://openalex.org/W3034794038","https://openalex.org/W3140747828","https://openalex.org/W4236441695","https://openalex.org/W4290928096","https://openalex.org/W4301935460","https://openalex.org/W4376279682","https://openalex.org/W6749164303","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6774526564","https://openalex.org/W6790837184"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964783010","https://openalex.org/W4250494529","https://openalex.org/W2399696375","https://openalex.org/W2061834489","https://openalex.org/W3088215229","https://openalex.org/W182104056","https://openalex.org/W45206245","https://openalex.org/W50079190","https://openalex.org/W11196620","https://openalex.org/W2534386351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Named":[0],"entity":[1],"recognition":[2],"(NER)":[3],"in":[4,40,46,56,69,76,144,150,204],"modern":[5],"standard":[6],"Arabic":[7,22,73],"(MSA)":[8],"has":[9,24],"made":[10],"great":[11],"strides":[12],"by":[13,42,166,180],"leveraging":[14],"representations":[15,81,102],"from":[16,103],"pretrained":[17,66],"language":[18,67],"models.":[19],"However,":[20],"dialectal":[21],"(DA)":[23],"not":[25],"seen":[26],"the":[27,47,107,160,174,178,191,198],"same":[28],"level":[29],"of":[30,63,72,171,188,193],"advancement.":[31],"This":[32],"work":[33,200],"aims":[34],"to":[35,37,84],"contribute":[36],"research":[38],"efforts":[39],"DA":[41],"focusing":[43],"on":[44,141,163,182],"NER":[45,58,203],"Moroccan":[48],"Dialect":[49],"(MD)":[50],"called":[51],"Darija.":[52,153],"Our":[53,137,154],"proposed":[54],"approach":[55],"building":[57],"models":[59,68,138],"for":[60,106,123,134],"MD":[61,77],"consists":[62],"finetuning":[64],"four":[65],"different":[70,96],"variations":[71],"using":[74,79,99],"data":[75,143,149,165,184],"and":[78,116,126,128,147,152,173],"their":[80],"as":[82],"input":[83,108],"classifiers":[85],"with":[86,94,185],"several":[87],"neural":[88],"network":[89,97],"architectures.":[90],"We":[91],"namely":[92],"experiment":[93],"six":[95],"architectures":[98],"bidirectional":[100,111,117],"encoder":[101],"transformers":[104],"(BERT)":[105],"representation":[109],"layer,":[110],"long":[112],"short-term":[113],"memory":[114],"(BiLSTM)":[115],"gated":[118],"recurrent":[119],"unit":[120],"(BiGRU)":[121],"networks":[122],"context":[124],"encoding,":[125],"Softmax":[127],"conditional":[129],"random":[130],"field":[131],"(CRF)":[132],"layers":[133],"tag":[135],"decoding.":[136],"are":[139],"tested":[140],"both":[142],"pure":[145],"Darija":[146,164],"mixed":[148,183],"MSA":[151],"results":[155],"show":[156],"that":[157,201],"AraBERT-BiGRU-CRF":[158],"outperforms":[159],"baseline":[161,179],"CAMeLBERT-ner-msa":[162],"19.70%":[167],"achieving":[168],"an":[169,186],"F1-score":[170,187],"68.40%,":[172],"AraBERT-CRF":[175],"model":[176],"exceeds":[177],"4.67%":[181],"74.56%.":[189],"To":[190],"best":[192],"our":[194],"knowledge,":[195],"this":[196],"is":[197],"first":[199],"addresses":[202],"MD.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}