{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071551616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cist.2011.6148588","title":"Search engine of ancient Arabic manuscripts based on metadata and XML annotations","display_name":"Search engine of ancient Arabic manuscripts based on metadata and XML annotations","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071551616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cist.2011.6148588","mag":"2071551616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cist.2011.6148588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cist.2011.6148588","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Colloquium in Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062692482","display_name":"Noureddine El Makhfi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-7828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81605866","display_name":"Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University","ror":"https://ror.org/04efg9a07","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noureddine El Makhfi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Transmission et Traitement de l'Information (LTTI)Ecole Sup\u00e9rieur de Technologie, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Transmission et Traitement de l'Information (LTTI)Ecole Sup\u00e9rieur de Technologie, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005147559","display_name":"Omar El Bannay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81605866","display_name":"Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University","ror":"https://ror.org/04efg9a07","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar El Bannay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Transmission et Traitement de l'Information (LTTI)Ecole Sup\u00e9rieur de Technologie, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Transmission et Traitement de l'Information (LTTI)Ecole Sup\u00e9rieur de Technologie, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018399500","display_name":"Rachid Benslimane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7530-8929"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachid Benslimane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Transmission et Traitement de l'Information (LTTI)Ecole Superieur de Technologie, Fez, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Transmission et Traitement de l'Information (LTTI)Ecole Superieur de Technologie, Fez, Morocco","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103918603","display_name":"Noureddine Ra\u00efs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81605866","display_name":"Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University","ror":"https://ror.org/04efg9a07","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noureddine Rais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d'Informatique Statistique et Qualite (LISQ), Fez University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez","Laboratoire d'Informatique Statistique et Qualit\u00e9 (LISQ), Facult\u00e9 des sciences Dhar El Mahrez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Statistique et Qualite (LISQ), Fez University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Statistique et Qualit\u00e9 (LISQ), Facult\u00e9 des sciences Dhar El Mahrez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81605866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"10","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12377","display_name":"Digital Humanities and Scholarship","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8171824216842651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-structure-description","display_name":"Document Structure Description","score":0.631179690361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.6006251573562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage","display_name":"Cultural heritage","score":0.5687145590782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.5276826024055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sgml","display_name":"SGML","score":0.5172455906867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5084351897239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.46654012799263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.46307647228240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml-validation","display_name":"XML validation","score":0.45194509625434875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-xml-interchange","display_name":"Efficient XML Interchange","score":0.4456791579723358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.431255042552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4102728068828583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.3611156940460205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2620847821235657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8171824216842651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68699486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265904","display_name":"Document Structure Description","level":3,"score":0.631179690361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.6006251573562622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.5687145590782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.5276826024055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62701983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207819","display_name":"SGML","level":4,"score":0.5172455906867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5084351897239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.46654012799263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.46307647228240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55348073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595926","display_name":"XML validation","level":3,"score":0.45194509625434875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11508877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124477","display_name":"Efficient XML Interchange","level":3,"score":0.4456791579723358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.431255042552948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4102728068828583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.3611156940460205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2620847821235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cist.2011.6148588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cist.2011.6148588","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Colloquium in Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2276215951","https://openalex.org/W2115478919","https://openalex.org/W2047342127","https://openalex.org/W2006926527","https://openalex.org/W1509918510","https://openalex.org/W2121785123","https://openalex.org/W2137809776","https://openalex.org/W2024164996","https://openalex.org/W2921934746","https://openalex.org/W2093637352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39,107,155,228,250,291,379],"old":[1,45,300],"manuscripts":[2,47,219,285,354],"kept":[3],"in":[4,220,247,277,297,307,363],"libraries":[5],"are":[6,136,271],"a":[7,20,94,118,142,159,164,179,204,261,317,348],"part":[8],"of":[9,16,25,44,58,61,67,77,85,110,129,147,153,157,171,195,217,230,245,252,283,294,325,351,390],"the":[10,23,53,56,59,64,68,75,99,102,123,127,130,193,218,281,299,323,364,372,388,391,396],"richest":[11],"cultural":[12,27],"heritage":[13,172],"and":[14,28,55,133,145,169,243,255,267,286,328,335,358,371,387],"legacy":[15],"civilizations.":[17],"Digitalization":[18],"is":[19,32,48,92,104,201,258,316],"solution":[21],"for":[22,37,52,74,403],"preservation":[24],"this":[26,209,344],"historical":[29],"heritage,":[30,197],"which":[31],"very":[33],"difficult":[34],"to":[35,98,117,163,181,224,273,279,321,329,376],"handle":[36],"users.":[38],"automatic":[40],"or":[41,88,340],"manual":[42],"transcription":[43,82,282,293],"Arabic":[46,69,111,284,301,353,406],"an":[49,72,215,304,400],"inevitable":[50],"stage":[51],"indexing":[54],"diffusion":[57,337],"contents":[60],"these":[62,183,326],"manuscripts,":[63,302],"cursive":[65],"nature":[66],"writing":[70],"presents":[71],"handicap":[73],"software":[76,84],"optical":[78],"character":[79],"recognition":[80],"(OCR).A":[81],"with":[83,89,203,309],"text":[86],"processing":[87],"HTML":[90],"format":[91,240],"not":[93,105],"better":[95],"solution,":[96],"owing":[97],"fact":[100],"that":[101,188],"content":[103],"structured.":[106],"complex":[108],"structure":[109,132,182],"Manuscripts":[112],"may":[113],"be":[114,212,233],"brought":[115],"closer":[116],"hierarchical":[119,165],"model.":[120],"In":[121,192,343],"fact,":[122],"strong":[124],"dependence":[125],"between":[126],"description":[128],"data":[131,190,226,246],"how":[134],"they":[135],"stored":[137],"on":[138,265,338,356],"physical":[139],"media,":[140],"provides":[141,178],"rigorous":[143],"structures":[144],"paths":[146],"access,":[148],"while":[149],"maintaining":[150],"relative":[151],"simplicity":[152],"implementation.":[154],"creation":[156],"such":[158],"document":[160,200,222],"database":[161,223,365],"according":[162],"model":[166],"requires":[167],"coding":[168,229,324],"cataloging":[170],"documents.":[173],"eXtensible":[174],"Markup":[175],"Language":[176],"(XML)":[177],"way":[180],"documents":[184,231,327,370],"by":[185,207,235,238,260,367],"providing":[186,239],"solutions":[187],"ensure":[189],"integrity.":[191],"field":[194],"documentary":[196,289],"where":[198],"each":[199],"referenced":[202],"unique":[205],"code":[206,210],"archivists,":[208],"can":[211],"used":[213,272],"as":[214],"identifier":[216],"our":[221,288],"avoid":[225],"redundancy.":[227],"will":[232],"validated":[234],"XML":[236,248,275,306,359,392],"schemas":[237],"checking,":[241],"type":[242],"semantics":[244],"files.":[249],"process":[251],"identification,":[253],"collection":[254],"registration":[256],"information":[257],"provided":[259],"search":[262,349,397],"engine":[263,350,398],"based":[264,355],"metadata":[266,357],"annotations.":[268],"These":[269],"annotations":[270],"generate":[274],"tags":[276],"order":[278],"facilitate":[280,330],"feeding":[287],"database.":[290],"images":[292,374],"patrimonial":[295],"documents,":[296],"particular":[298],"require":[303],"encoding":[305,319],"conformity":[308],"recommendations":[310],"Text":[311],"Encoding":[312],"Initiative":[313],"(TEI).":[314],"It":[315],"XML-TEI":[318],"aiming":[320],"standardize":[322],"their":[331,333,336],"exploitation,":[332],"exploration":[334],"line":[339],"off":[341],"line.":[342],"paper":[345],"we":[346],"propose":[347],"ancient":[352,405],"annotations,":[360],"allowing":[361],"searches":[362],"powered":[366],"handwritten":[368],"transcribed":[369],"indexed":[373],"corresponding":[375],"users'":[377],"queries.":[378],"rich":[380],"functionality,":[381],"intuitive":[382],"user":[383],"interface,":[384],"portability,":[385],"extensibility":[386],"powerful":[389],"technology":[393],"all":[394],"make":[395],"platform":[399],"ideal":[401],"explorer":[402],"handling":[404],"manuscripts.":[407]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}