{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3023683268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss48834.2020.1570617416","title":"Over-the-Air Adversarial Attacks on Deep Learning Based Modulation Classifier over Wireless Channels","display_name":"Over-the-Air Adversarial Attacks on Deep Learning Based Modulation Classifier over Wireless Channels","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3023683268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss48834.2020.1570617416","mag":"3023683268"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciss48834.2020.1570617416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss48834.2020.1570617416","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 54th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100727638","display_name":"Brian Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2278-2432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089570143","display_name":"Yalin E. Sagduyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1576-5527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130203","display_name":"Intelligent Automation (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02fwb6r86","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130203"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yalin E. Sagduyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Automation, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Automation, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075960743","display_name":"Kemal Davasl\u0131o\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2745-6764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130203","display_name":"Intelligent Automation (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02fwb6r86","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130203"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kemal Davaslioglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Automation, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Automation, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024995674","display_name":"Tugba Erpek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-2587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130203","display_name":"Intelligent Automation (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02fwb6r86","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130203"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tugba Erpek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Automation, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Automation, Inc, Rockville, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021132487","display_name":"\u015eennur Uluku\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8219-8190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sennur Ulukus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100727638"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1508,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98534326,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.729691743850708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6629102230072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5334031581878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5143288373947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4791923761367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.43264642357826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3577813506126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35702747106552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19001451134681702}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.729691743850708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6629102230072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5334031581878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5143288373947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4791923761367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.43264642357826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3577813506126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35702747106552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19001451134681702}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciss48834.2020.1570617416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss48834.2020.1570617416","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 54th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1673923490","https://openalex.org/W2272847350","https://openalex.org/W2408141691","https://openalex.org/W2562146178","https://openalex.org/W2734408173","https://openalex.org/W2886189420","https://openalex.org/W2888024549","https://openalex.org/W2914711741","https://openalex.org/W2917485473","https://openalex.org/W2928212596","https://openalex.org/W2945528624","https://openalex.org/W2946313841","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2964153729","https://openalex.org/W2964277700","https://openalex.org/W2968867107","https://openalex.org/W2983729222","https://openalex.org/W2986517689","https://openalex.org/W2995240473","https://openalex.org/W3003438155","https://openalex.org/W4211047985","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6714069269","https://openalex.org/W6719080892","https://openalex.org/W6760521931","https://openalex.org/W6761288750","https://openalex.org/W6917408469"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119","https://openalex.org/W4285226279","https://openalex.org/W4380075502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,150],"consider":[1],"a":[2,9,11,35,110,136,177,193,243],"wireless":[3,137],"communication":[4],"system":[5],"that":[6,47,90,126,139,186,211],"consists":[7],"of":[8,159,173,267,274],"transmitter,":[10],"receiver,":[12],"and":[13,148,165,183,215,259],"an":[14,132,222],"adversary.":[15],"The":[16],"transmitter":[17,163,213,260],"transmits":[18],"signals":[19,30,55],"with":[20,52,145,155],"different":[21,265],"modulation":[22,32,127,275],"types,":[23],"while":[24],"the":[25,40,42,53,58,61,75,79,82,91,118,121,190,203,233,237,251,272],"receiver":[26,62,83],"classifies":[27],"its":[28],"received":[29,49,71],"to":[31,56,81,108,120,131,157,188,192,197,224,277],"types":[33,172],"using":[34,228],"deep":[36],"learning-based":[37],"classifier.":[38],"In":[39,102],"meantime,":[41],"adversary":[43,80,119,234,252],"makes":[44],"over-the-air":[45,278],"transmissions":[46],"are":[48,208,212],"as":[50,142],"superimposed":[51],"transmitter\u2019s":[54],"fool":[57],"classifier":[59,166,276],"at":[60],"into":[63],"making":[64],"errors.":[65],"While":[66],"this":[67,103],"evasion":[68,112],"attack":[69,93,113,134,179,185,249],"has":[70,253],"growing":[72],"interest":[73],"recently,":[74],"channel":[76,100,138,217,230,238,258],"effects":[77],"from":[78,117],"have":[84],"been":[85],"ignored":[86],"so":[87],"far":[88],"such":[89],"previous":[92],"mechanisms":[94],"cannot":[95],"be":[96],"applied":[97],"under":[98],"realistic":[99,111],"effects.":[101],"paper,":[104],"we":[105,169,220,241,270],"present":[106,151,170,242],"how":[107],"launch":[109],"by":[114],"considering":[115],"channels":[116],"receiver.":[122],"Our":[123],"results":[124],"show":[125,271],"classification":[128,191],"is":[129,140],"vulnerable":[130],"adversarial":[133,153,174,226,246,279],"over":[135],"modeled":[141],"Rayleigh":[143],"fading":[144],"path":[146],"loss":[147],"shadowing.":[149],"various":[152],"attacks":[154,210,227],"respect":[156],"availability":[158],"information":[160,231,268],"about":[161,256],"channel,":[162],"input,":[164],"architecture.":[167],"First,":[168],"two":[171],"attacks,":[175],"namely":[176],"targeted":[178],"(with":[180],"minimum":[181],"power)":[182],"non-targeted":[184],"aims":[187],"change":[189],"target":[194],"label":[195,200],"or":[196],"any":[198],"other":[199,201],"than":[202],"true":[204],"label,":[205],"respectively.":[206],"Both":[207],"white-box":[209],"input-specific":[214],"use":[216],"information.":[218],"Then":[219],"introduce":[221],"algorithm":[223],"generate":[225],"limited":[229,254],"where":[232,250],"only":[235],"knows":[236],"distribution.":[239],"Finally,":[240],"black-box":[244],"universal":[245],"perturbation":[247],"(UAP)":[248],"knowledge":[255],"both":[257],"input.":[261],"By":[262],"accounting":[263],"for":[264],"levels":[266],"availability,":[269],"vulnerability":[273],"attacks.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}