{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034035111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2013.6552252","title":"A closed-loop training approach for massive MIMO beamforming systems","display_name":"A closed-loop training approach for massive MIMO beamforming systems","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034035111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2013.6552252","mag":"2034035111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciss.2013.6552252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2013.6552252","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 47th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001355478","display_name":"David J. Love","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5922-4787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David J. Love","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. engineering, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. engineering, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065248740","display_name":"Junil Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junil Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","Sch. of Electr. & Comput. engineering, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Electr. & Comput. engineering, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043768155","display_name":"Patrick Bidigare","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Bidigare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies, Arlington, VA, USA","Raytheon BBN Technol., Arlington, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Arlington, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technol., Arlington, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001355478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9655,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95546489,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7421714067459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7029834389686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.694617509841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6340705752372742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5724202990531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.5291545391082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4792385399341583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.46457135677337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.4531335234642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reciprocity","display_name":"Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)","score":0.4520525634288788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-correlation","display_name":"Spatial correlation","score":0.4499000310897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.4401968717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.41503798961639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4150035083293915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duplex","display_name":"Duplex (building)","score":0.412078857421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25445741415023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16111427545547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07604214549064636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7421714067459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7029834389686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.694617509841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6340705752372742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5724202990531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5291545391082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4792385399341583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.46457135677337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.4531335234642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3264987","display_name":"Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)","level":2,"score":0.4520525634288788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150060386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574054","display_name":"Spatial correlation","level":2,"score":0.4499000310897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.4401968717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.41503798961639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4150035083293915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99611785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6453233","display_name":"Duplex (building)","level":3,"score":0.412078857421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25445741415023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16111427545547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07604214549064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciss.2013.6552252","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2013.6552252","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 47th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1975227678","https://openalex.org/W2027500963","https://openalex.org/W2092156280","https://openalex.org/W2099721949","https://openalex.org/W2103052902","https://openalex.org/W2108256297","https://openalex.org/W2117784203","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2137111905","https://openalex.org/W2137183582","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2160837607","https://openalex.org/W2556644153","https://openalex.org/W3106282754","https://openalex.org/W3122646396","https://openalex.org/W4230587399","https://openalex.org/W6677749249"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2167568384","https://openalex.org/W2116541631","https://openalex.org/W2514205366","https://openalex.org/W3173074004","https://openalex.org/W1976511355","https://openalex.org/W2055298134","https://openalex.org/W2544668827","https://openalex.org/W2082469387","https://openalex.org/W1985632843","https://openalex.org/W2402142910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"has":[1],"been":[2],"a":[3,11,34],"growing":[4],"interest":[5],"in":[6,26,69],"wireless":[7],"systems":[8,70],"that":[9,23],"employ":[10],"very":[12],"large":[13,40],"number":[14],"of":[15,57,89],"transmit":[16,41],"antennas.":[17],"Some":[18],"theoretical":[19],"results":[20,131],"have":[21],"shown":[22],"substantial":[24],"improvements":[25],"network":[27],"capacity":[28],"are":[29],"possible.":[30],"Despite":[31],"this":[32,83,93],"work,":[33,84],"major":[35],"challenge":[36],"is":[37,99],"how":[38],"these":[39],"arrays":[42],"should":[43],"perform":[44],"training":[45,58,97],"to":[46,101],"allow":[47],"receiver":[48],"channel":[49,77,113,117],"estimation.":[50],"Without":[51],"new":[52],"techniques,":[53],"the":[54,61,87,95,111],"heavy":[55],"burden":[56],"could":[59],"overwhelm":[60],"system":[62],"and":[63,127],"mitigate":[64],"any":[65],"possible":[66],"improvements,":[67],"especially":[68],"using":[71,107],"frequency":[72],"division":[73],"duplexing":[74],"(FDD)":[75],"where":[76],"reciprocity":[78],"cannot":[79],"be":[80],"exploited.":[81],"In":[82,92],"we":[85],"propose":[86],"use":[88],"closed-loop":[90],"training.":[91],"framework,":[94],"transmitted":[96],"signal":[98],"optimized":[100],"improve":[102],"data":[103],"communications":[104],"performance":[105],"by":[106],"prior":[108],"information":[109],"about":[110],"current":[112],"obtained":[114],"from":[115],"past":[116],"estimates.":[118],"The":[119],"work":[120],"focuses":[121],"on":[122],"block-fading":[123],"channels":[124],"with":[125],"temporal":[126],"spatial":[128],"correlation.":[129],"Simulation":[130],"show":[132],"improved":[133],"performance.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}