{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2099178227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2009.5054732","title":"A study on the feasibility of low probability of intercept sonar","display_name":"A study on the feasibility of low probability of intercept sonar","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2099178227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2009.5054732","mag":"2099178227"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciss.2009.5054732","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2009.5054732","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 43rd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037866200","display_name":"J. Daniel Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-1677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Daniel Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, USA","Electrical Engineering Department, the Pennsylvania State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, the Pennsylvania State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101739086","display_name":"David J. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8848-1643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, USA","Electrical Engineering Department, the Pennsylvania State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, the Pennsylvania State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111942416","display_name":"J.F. Doherty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John F. Doherty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, USA","Electrical Engineering Department, the Pennsylvania State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Pennsylvania State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, the Pennsylvania State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010444899","display_name":"Stephen C. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3183-9274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen C. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, USA","Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"284","last_page":"289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sonar","display_name":"Sonar","score":0.7488096356391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6730434894561768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-power","display_name":"Statistical power","score":0.5794389843940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5547090768814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5319063663482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-theory","display_name":"Detection theory","score":0.4816216826438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.4785764515399933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matched-filter","display_name":"Matched filter","score":0.47237280011177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.47116026282310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.44139599800109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.43203064799308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4307732582092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.4290658235549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4135749936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.40409404039382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.35123327374458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3100050687789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2407730221748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23739668726921082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1970551609992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1603051722049713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.16003641486167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09430819749832153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555745239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133220","display_name":"Sonar","level":2,"score":0.7488096356391907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6730434894561768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96608239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199823","display_name":"Statistical power","level":2,"score":0.5794389843940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5547090768814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5319063663482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.4816216826438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.4785764515399933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50151734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759577","display_name":"Matched filter","level":3,"score":0.47237280011177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.47116026282310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.44139599800109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.43203064799308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4307732582092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.4290658235549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4135749936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.40409404039382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.35123327374458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3100050687789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2407730221748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23739668726921082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1970551609992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1603051722049713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.16003641486167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09430819749832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciss.2009.5054732","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2009.5054732","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 43rd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551284826","https://openalex.org/W1578525639","https://openalex.org/W2044535354","https://openalex.org/W2091696547","https://openalex.org/W2146500706","https://openalex.org/W2152759373","https://openalex.org/W2163599171","https://openalex.org/W2942228371","https://openalex.org/W2998123746","https://openalex.org/W3133603318","https://openalex.org/W4210530152","https://openalex.org/W4387719275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238211170","https://openalex.org/W1919129342","https://openalex.org/W2349411638","https://openalex.org/W2378015512","https://openalex.org/W2153508596","https://openalex.org/W2381144708","https://openalex.org/W2089376429","https://openalex.org/W2541483240","https://openalex.org/W1974075201","https://openalex.org/W1579171264"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,70,91],"explore":[1,72],"the":[2,18,29,45,73,76,99,102,109,116,140],"feasibility":[3],"of":[4,7,56,66,87,108],"low":[5],"probability":[6],"intercept":[8],"for":[9,25,98],"sonar":[10,16],"signals.":[11],"Using":[12],"a":[13,22,62,93,124,131,147],"noise-like":[14],"active":[15],"signal,":[17,127],"transmitter":[19],"(platform)":[20],"employs":[21],"matched":[23],"filter":[24],"echo":[26],"detection":[27,57,74,120,133,142],"while":[28,138],"target":[30],"is":[31,135],"assumed":[32],"to":[33],"use":[34],"an":[35],"energy":[36],"detector.":[37],"Decision":[38],"statistic":[39],"distributions":[40,50],"are":[41],"developed":[42],"at":[43],"both":[44],"platform":[46,77,100,117],"and":[47,59,84],"target.":[48],"These":[49],"allow":[51],"efficient":[52],"Monte":[53],"Carlo":[54],"simulation":[55],"performance":[58],"comparison":[60],"with":[61],"previous":[63],"work's":[64],"assumption":[65],"Gaussian":[67],"decision":[68],"statistics.":[69],"then":[71],"advantage":[75],"can":[78],"achieve":[79],"by":[80,85],"evasive":[81],"on-off":[82],"keying":[83],"optimization":[86],"its":[88],"transmitted":[89],"power.":[90],"identify":[92],"favorable":[94],"(evasive)":[95],"operating":[96],"region":[97,107],"in":[101],"(low":[103],"power,":[104],"small":[105],"range)":[106],"(range,":[110],"power)":[111],"plane.":[112],"This":[113],"suggests":[114],"that":[115],"should":[118],"start":[119],"(and":[121],"range-finding)":[122],"using":[123],"low-power":[125],"probing":[126],"increasing":[128],"power":[129],"until":[130],"reliable":[132],"rate":[134,143],"first":[136],"achieved":[137],"ensuring":[139],"target's":[141],"does":[144],"not":[145],"exceed":[146],"specified":[148],"level.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}