{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2148812200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisda.2009.5356547","title":"Tracking a moving hypothesis for visual data with explicit switch detection","display_name":"Tracking a moving hypothesis for visual data with explicit switch detection","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2148812200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisda.2009.5356547","mag":"2148812200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cisda.2009.5356547","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisda.2009.5356547","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence for Security and Defense Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024258194","display_name":"Jason Rhinelander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3954-5996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Rhinelander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Engineering and Design, Carleton University, Ottawa, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Engineering and Design, Carleton University, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659849","display_name":"Peter Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-6967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter X. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Engineering and Design, Carleton University, Ottawa, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Engineering and Design, Carleton University, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52528907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8418568968772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.66143798828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6553547382354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5846855044364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5305517315864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.4899401068687439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-video","display_name":"Digital video","score":0.4461633563041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4255933463573456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-processing","display_name":"Video processing","score":0.372714102268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3694532513618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.08981084823608398}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8418568968772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.66143798828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6553547382354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5846855044364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5305517315864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.4899401068687439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988454689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173131","display_name":"Digital video","level":3,"score":0.4461633563041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4255933463573456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65483669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536669","display_name":"Video processing","level":2,"score":0.372714102268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3694532513618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.08981084823608398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cisda.2009.5356547","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisda.2009.5356547","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence for Security and Defense Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320994","display_name":"Canada Research Chairs","ror":"https://ror.org/0517h6h17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11319819","https://openalex.org/W49213756","https://openalex.org/W1503196035","https://openalex.org/W1512098439","https://openalex.org/W1560724230","https://openalex.org/W2041597619","https://openalex.org/W2048211064","https://openalex.org/W2088116874","https://openalex.org/W2095653310","https://openalex.org/W2096108608","https://openalex.org/W2098495810","https://openalex.org/W2123107849","https://openalex.org/W2128130395","https://openalex.org/W2132870739","https://openalex.org/W2135968458","https://openalex.org/W2141840626","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2147850221","https://openalex.org/W2150581781","https://openalex.org/W2150621701","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2157677694","https://openalex.org/W2161920802","https://openalex.org/W3144619878","https://openalex.org/W4230674625","https://openalex.org/W4242134078","https://openalex.org/W6602010959","https://openalex.org/W6630527977","https://openalex.org/W6678639082"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285271403","https://openalex.org/W2542007731","https://openalex.org/W2968379562","https://openalex.org/W2091015105","https://openalex.org/W4388689193","https://openalex.org/W2110899030","https://openalex.org/W29633852","https://openalex.org/W2985362983","https://openalex.org/W4327670844","https://openalex.org/W4389850132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"use":[1,31,47],"of":[2,32,40,80],"support":[3],"vector":[4],"(SV)":[5],"methods":[6,49,55],"has":[7],"been":[8],"successful":[9],"in":[10,25,50,93,112],"many":[11],"areas":[12],"involving":[13],"pattern":[14,19],"recognition.":[15],"Video":[16],"surveillance":[17,67,95],"requires":[18,29],"recognition":[20],"algorithms":[21],"that":[22,99,103],"are":[23],"efficient":[24],"their":[26],"operation,":[27],"and":[28,38,43,118,130],"the":[30,36,78,94,100,113],"online":[33],"processing":[34],"for":[35],"detection":[37],"identification":[39],"events,":[41],"objects,":[42],"behaviours.":[44],"To":[45],"successfully":[46],"SV":[48],"video":[51,66,132],"surveillance,":[52],"on-line":[53],"training":[54,63],"must":[56],"be":[57],"employed;":[58],"NORMA":[59,85,104],"is":[60,77,106,115],"one":[61],"such":[62],"method.":[64],"A":[65],"system":[68,72],"represents":[69],"a":[70,110,136],"dynamic":[71],"with":[73],"non-stationary":[74],"characteristics.":[75],"It":[76],"purpose":[79],"our":[81],"work":[82],"to":[83,86,89],"enhance":[84],"better":[87],"adapt":[88],"sudden":[90],"changes":[91],"(switches)":[92],"environment.":[96],"We":[97],"show":[98],"decision":[101],"hypothesis":[102],"generates":[105],"more":[107],"accurate":[108],"when":[109],"switch":[111],"data":[114,133],"explicitly":[116],"detected":[117],"managed.":[119],"Our":[120],"preliminary":[121],"testing":[122],"involves":[123],"simulated":[124],"data,":[125,129],"real":[126,131],"world":[127],"benchmark":[128],"captured":[134],"from":[135],"digital":[137],"camera.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}