{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170472272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cira.2005.1554296","title":"Laser Based Personal Navigation System","display_name":"Laser Based Personal Navigation System","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170472272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cira.2005.1554296","mag":"2170472272"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cira.2005.1554296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cira.2005.1554296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2005 International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085898524","display_name":"Jyrki Saarinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5863-4378"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Saarinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Automation Technology Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Automation Technology Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035629714","display_name":"Seppo Heikkil\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4520-7112"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Heikkila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Automation Technology Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Automation Technology Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"140","issue":null,"first_page":"315","last_page":"320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-reckoning","display_name":"Dead reckoning","score":0.9107719659805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6381464600563049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5555965304374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44931381940841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.4418369233608246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.4303659498691559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.4214797616004944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-scanning","display_name":"Laser scanning","score":0.4115556478500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3888033926486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.17046266794204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.12908846139907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12458902597427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11120402812957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.09516486525535583}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106165642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152255","display_name":"Dead reckoning","level":3,"score":0.9107719659805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6381464600563049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5555965304374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44931381940841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.4418369233608246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.4303659498691559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.4214797616004944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.4115556478500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3888033926486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.17046266794204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.12908846139907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12458902597427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11120402812957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.09516486525535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cira.2005.1554296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cira.2005.1554296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2005 International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175891030","https://openalex.org/W185651497","https://openalex.org/W1536259379","https://openalex.org/W1595048604","https://openalex.org/W1961287201","https://openalex.org/W2098613108","https://openalex.org/W2109766708","https://openalex.org/W2160584648","https://openalex.org/W2535479414","https://openalex.org/W2587571179","https://openalex.org/W2732771506","https://openalex.org/W6607157301","https://openalex.org/W6607603134","https://openalex.org/W6632239397","https://openalex.org/W6733255812","https://openalex.org/W6741363507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056853153","https://openalex.org/W2057559274","https://openalex.org/W2026924879","https://openalex.org/W2005087563","https://openalex.org/W2378111931","https://openalex.org/W2052388267","https://openalex.org/W2950647290","https://openalex.org/W1968481813","https://openalex.org/W2620829895","https://openalex.org/W2356918560"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,43],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,20,22,32,49,68,91],"human":[4,94,109,117],"localization":[5,71,83],"system":[6,12,103,112,124],"for":[7,39,106],"beaconless":[8],"indoor":[9],"positioning.":[10],"The":[11,59,75,102,119],"is":[13,45,73,77,84,96,104,125],"based":[14,70,78],"on":[15,79],"traditional":[16],"dead-reckoning":[17],"sensors":[18],"including":[19],"compass,":[21],"gyro,":[23],"and":[24,55,66,81,116],"accelerometers.":[25],"Due":[26],"to":[27],"the":[28,40,82,93,108,122,130],"difficult":[29],"kinematics":[30],"of":[31,113,121],"human,":[33],"there":[34],"are":[35],"no":[36],"ready":[37],"solutions":[38],"dead":[41,60],"reckoning.":[42],"problem":[44],"solved":[46],"by":[47],"using":[48,86],"self-made":[50],"stride":[51],"length":[52],"measurement":[53],"unit":[54],"laser":[56],"scan":[57],"matching.":[58],"reckoning":[61],"always":[62],"has":[63],"unbounded":[64],"error":[65],"thus":[67],"map":[69,76],"algorithm":[72],"needed.":[74],"CAD-model":[80],"done":[85],"Monte":[87],"Carlo":[88],"localization.":[89],"As":[90],"result":[92],"being":[95],"localized":[97],"indoors":[98],"with":[99,127],"bounded":[100],"error.":[101],"used":[105],"incorporating":[107],"into":[110],"telematic":[111],"cooperating":[114],"robotic":[115],"entities.":[118],"functionality":[120],"integrated":[123],"verified":[126],"tests":[128],"in":[129],"European":[131],"Union":[132],"1ST-project":[133],"called":[134],"PeLoTe.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
