{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133319189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciot67574.2025.11410123","title":"A Technical Roadmap for Scalable 5G Deployment in Rapidly Urbanizing Cities: Modeling, Simulation, and Corridor-Based Infrastructure Planning","display_name":"A Technical Roadmap for Scalable 5G Deployment in Rapidly Urbanizing Cities: Modeling, Simulation, and Corridor-Based Infrastructure Planning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133319189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciot67574.2025.11410123"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciot67574.2025.11410123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciot67574.2025.11410123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 8th Conference on Cloud and Internet of Things (CIoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043581444","display_name":"Shenko Chura Aredo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenko Chura Aredo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adama City Administration,Adama,Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adama City Administration,Adama,Ethiopia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121569077","display_name":"Hailu Jelde","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865572129","display_name":"Adama Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ccba128","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailu Jelde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adama City Administrarion,Adama,Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adama City Administrarion,Adama,Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110695464","display_name":"Hailu Belay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83909951","display_name":"Morgan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/017d8gk22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailu Belay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Morgan State University,Baltimore,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Morgan State University,Baltimore,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063608429","display_name":"Kevin Kornegay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5233-0154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83909951","display_name":"Morgan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/017d8gk22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin T. Kornegay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Morgan State University,Baltimore,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Morgan State University,Baltimore,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127874899","display_name":"Kedir Elka Amigna","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kedir Elka Amigna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adama City Administration,Adama,Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adama City Administration,Adama,Ethiopia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127991656","display_name":"Deyas Deme Merga","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deyas Deme Merga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adama City Administration,Adama,Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adama City Administration,Adama,Ethiopia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58691733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.07909999787807465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.07909999787807465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.062199998646974564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.06129999831318855,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7087000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5683000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5332000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.5073000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.37290000915527344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7087000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6459000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5683000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5332000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.5073000192642212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.37290000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.3709000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.32989999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169478","display_name":"MATLAB","level":2,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192220659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1245659","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","level":3,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.29409998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781007418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456934","display_name":"Capacity planning","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100906024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205692","display_name":"Poisson distribution","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993828040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19720704","display_name":"Infrastructure planning","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.257099986076355}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ciot67574.2025.11410123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ciot67574.2025.11410123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 8th Conference on Cloud and Internet of Things (CIoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7234933376312256,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311749","display_name":"Morgan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/017d8gk22"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967040861","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2103972037","https://openalex.org/W2104557602","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2343448572","https://openalex.org/W3006121652"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,186],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,16],"technical":[4],"roadmap":[5],"for":[6,74,191],"deploying":[7],"5G":[8,199],"networks":[9],"in":[10,183],"New":[11],"Adama":[12],"City,":[13],"Ethiopia,":[14],"with":[15,68,94,115,134],"focus":[17],"on":[18],"two":[19],"development":[20],"corridors":[21],"exhibiting":[22],"varied":[23],"user":[24],"densities":[25],"and":[26,39,71,138,150,165,176],"physical":[27],"structures.":[28],"Key":[29],"deployment":[30,169],"parameters":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33],"beamforming,":[34],"pole":[35],"spacing,":[36],"link":[37,159],"budgets,":[38],"Massive":[40],"MIMO":[41],"are":[42,153],"optimized":[43],"using":[44,107],"advanced":[45],"modeling":[46],"techniques.":[47],"MATLAB":[48],"simulations":[49],"validate":[50],"path":[51],"loss":[52],"trends":[53],"across":[54],"different":[55],"frequencies":[56,70],"(2.5":[57],"GHz,":[58,60],"28":[59],"38":[61],"GHz),":[62],"revealing":[63],"the":[64,83,95,142,158,173],"higher":[65],"attenuation":[66,152],"associated":[67],"mmWave":[69],"its":[72],"implications":[73],"cell":[75],"spacing.":[76],"Sum":[77],"capacity":[78,146],"analyses":[79],"demonstrate":[80],"how":[81],"increasing":[82],"number":[84,96],"of":[85,97,144,179],"base":[86],"station":[87],"antennas":[88],"improves":[89],"throughput,":[90],"though":[91],"performance":[92],"varies":[93],"users":[98],"(<tex":[99],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[100,117,126],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$K$</tex>).":[101],"IoT":[102],"device":[103,113,136],"integration":[104],"is":[105],"evaluated":[106],"Poisson":[108],"distributions":[109],"to":[110,123,156,172,195],"model":[111],"spatial":[112],"density,":[114],"<tex":[116],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$\\lambda$</tex>":[118],"values":[119],"ranging":[120],"from":[121],"470":[122],"500":[124],"devices/km<sup":[125],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>.":[127],"Total":[128],"required":[129],"data":[130],"rates":[131],"scale":[132],"linearly":[133],"both":[135],"density":[137],"per-device":[139],"demand,":[140],"emphasizing":[141],"importance":[143],"robust":[145],"planning.":[147],"LOS":[148],"propagation":[149],"rain":[151],"also":[154],"incorporated":[155],"refine":[157],"budget.":[160],"The":[161],"results":[162],"inform":[163],"scalable":[164],"resilient":[166],"5":[167],"G":[168],"strategies":[170],"tailored":[171],"unique":[174],"geographic":[175],"demographic":[177],"characteristics":[178],"emerging":[180],"smart":[181],"cities":[182],"developing":[184],"regions.":[185],"framework":[187],"provides":[188],"actionable":[189],"insights":[190],"network":[192],"planners":[193],"aiming":[194],"implement":[196],"efficient,":[197],"highcapacity":[198],"infrastructure.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}
