{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2144230296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cig.2008.5035629","title":"An experiment in automatic game design","display_name":"An experiment in automatic game design","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2144230296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cig.2008.5035629","mag":"2144230296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cig.2008.5035629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cig.2008.5035629","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077267552","display_name":"Julian Togelius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-4598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2614128279","display_name":"Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013355g38","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15196421","https://openalex.org/I2614128279","https://openalex.org/I57201433"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julian Togelius","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDSIA, Manno Lugano, Switzerland","IDSIA - Lugano"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDSIA, Manno Lugano, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDSIA - Lugano","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071172037","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen Schmidhuber","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2614128279","display_name":"Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013355g38","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15196421","https://openalex.org/I2614128279","https://openalex.org/I57201433"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jurgen Schmidhuber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany","IDSIA - Lugano"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDSIA - Lugano","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077267552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2614128279"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.2229,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":244,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99550668,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"111","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.740041196346283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curiosity","display_name":"Curiosity","score":0.7170534729957581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entertainment","display_name":"Entertainment","score":0.6698749661445618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-design","display_name":"Game design","score":0.5984356999397278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metagaming","display_name":"Metagaming","score":0.592804491519928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.5694453716278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.5347629189491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-design","display_name":"Video game design","score":0.48431625962257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.4453434348106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4352157413959503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-mechanics","display_name":"Game mechanics","score":0.4307395815849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.41865071654319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-game","display_name":"Sequential game","score":0.41448843479156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3955092132091522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simultaneous-game","display_name":"Simultaneous game","score":0.23324552178382874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.2202254831790924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11163961887359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10045003890991211}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.740041196346283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33435437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366791","display_name":"Curiosity","level":2,"score":0.7170534729957581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512170562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173799","display_name":"Entertainment","level":2,"score":0.6698749661445618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503285160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858057","display_name":"Game design","level":2,"score":0.5984356999397278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25796384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822514","display_name":"Metagaming","level":5,"score":0.592804491519928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5694453716278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.5347629189491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47187476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12336660","display_name":"Video game design","level":3,"score":0.48431625962257385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.4453434348106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4352157413959503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170828538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751513","display_name":"Game mechanics","level":2,"score":0.4307395815849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.41865071654319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73795354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287618","display_name":"Sequential game","level":3,"score":0.41448843479156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3955092132091522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95940807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12237274","display_name":"Simultaneous game","level":4,"score":0.23324552178382874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.2202254831790924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11163961887359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10045003890991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cig.2008.5035629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cig.2008.5035629","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.141.4110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.141.4110","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://julian.togelius.com/Togelius2008An.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.205.6510","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.205.6510","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.csse.uwa.edu.au/cig08/Proceedings/papers/8070.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G108375003","display_name":"Theory and Practice of Reinforcement Learning","funder_award_id":"113364","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4836148144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5256785375","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"200021-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5921281487","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"number","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G65162470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G993971353","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"200021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42593612","https://openalex.org/W172298727","https://openalex.org/W1511827303","https://openalex.org/W1521891762","https://openalex.org/W1533683493","https://openalex.org/W1569930087","https://openalex.org/W1582046617","https://openalex.org/W1764170461","https://openalex.org/W1863227302","https://openalex.org/W2061868368","https://openalex.org/W2108682032","https://openalex.org/W2118916601","https://openalex.org/W2120321549","https://openalex.org/W2138892907","https://openalex.org/W2140205964","https://openalex.org/W2140685838","https://openalex.org/W2143176882","https://openalex.org/W2170567160","https://openalex.org/W2405479715","https://openalex.org/W2646036860","https://openalex.org/W6601673706","https://openalex.org/W6634944888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583852935","https://openalex.org/W4285034860","https://openalex.org/W2386360935","https://openalex.org/W4311459595","https://openalex.org/W4294947912","https://openalex.org/W4231050501","https://openalex.org/W4207081595","https://openalex.org/W2523494041","https://openalex.org/W2130088927","https://openalex.org/W58580010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,19],"presents":[2],"a":[3,11,43,75],"first":[4],"attempt":[5],"at":[6],"evolving":[7],"the":[8,47,52,59,72],"rules":[9],"for":[10,35,54],"game.":[12],"In":[13],"contrast":[14],"to":[15,25],"almost":[16],"every":[17],"other":[18],"that":[20,65],"applies":[21],"computational":[22],"intelligence":[23],"techniques":[24],"games,":[26],"we":[27,39],"are":[28,40],"not":[29],"generating":[30,46],"behaviours,":[31],"strategies":[32],"or":[33],"environments":[34],"any":[36],"particular":[37],"game;":[38],"starting":[41],"without":[42],"game":[44,48],"and":[45,57,63,70],"itself.":[49],"We":[50],"explain":[51],"rationale":[53],"doing":[55],"this":[56],"survey":[58],"theories":[60],"of":[61,74],"entertainment":[62],"curiosity":[64],"underly":[66],"our":[67],"fitness":[68],"function,":[69],"present":[71],"details":[73],"simple":[76],"proof-of-concept":[77],"experiment.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}