{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1484179135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cie.2002.1186124","title":"An approach for automatic learning and inference by knowledge map","display_name":"An approach for automatic learning and inference by knowledge map","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1484179135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cie.2002.1186124","mag":"1484179135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cie.2002.1186124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cie.2002.1186124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conference on Computers in Education, 2002. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038011955","display_name":"Chang-Kai Hsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Kai Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111465680","display_name":"Jyh-Cheng Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jyh-Cheng Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059728793","display_name":"Maiga Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2827-6223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maiga Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040151162","display_name":"Jihn\u2010Chang J. Jehng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihn-Chang Jehng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111609595","display_name":"Jia\u2010Sheng Heh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151221077","display_name":"Chung Yuan Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w8ws377","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Sheng Heh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Computer and Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf. Comput. & Eng., Chung Yuan Christian Univ., Chung-li, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151221077"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91395854,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"957","last_page":"958"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9624000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proposition","display_name":"Proposition","score":0.7825063467025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.7087429761886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6944429278373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6434358358383179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5975432395935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5283549427986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-based-systems","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","score":0.4611189365386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46081939339637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/description-logic","display_name":"Description logic","score":0.44595104455947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.4289571940898895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-inference","display_name":"Rule of inference","score":0.4148361086845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-intelligence","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","score":0.41420310735702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3115207254886627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1607097089290619}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777152325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108163","display_name":"Proposition","level":2,"score":0.7825063467025757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.7087429761886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6944429278373718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6434358358383179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5975432395935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5283549427986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.4611189365386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46081939339637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102993220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387196","display_name":"Description logic","level":2,"score":0.44595104455947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.4289571940898895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3746660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068763","display_name":"Rule of inference","level":2,"score":0.4148361086845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817354","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.41420310735702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3115207254886627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1607097089290619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cie.2002.1186124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cie.2002.1186124","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Conference on Computers in Education, 2002. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.712.6838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.712.6838","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://maiga.athabascau.ca/publication/Conference-2002-ICCE2002.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1587654268","https://openalex.org/W2150488835","https://openalex.org/W6682654728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124759987","https://openalex.org/W2277665410","https://openalex.org/W2166007631","https://openalex.org/W145321168","https://openalex.org/W11551098","https://openalex.org/W2164595907","https://openalex.org/W4385681698","https://openalex.org/W2295374938","https://openalex.org/W9626825","https://openalex.org/W2131032720"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge":[0,54],"is":[1,7,57,64],"represented":[2,10],"by":[3,11],"graph":[4,28],"or":[5,45],"map":[6,22],"simpler":[8],"than":[9],"proposition":[12,68],"logics.":[13,69],"Students":[14],"who":[15],"use":[16],"the":[17,38],"knowledge":[18,21],"representation":[19],"of":[20,61],"quickly":[23],"learn":[24],"to":[25,43],"read":[26],"a":[27,58],"as":[29,65,67],"IF-THEN":[30],"and":[31],"do":[32],"all":[33],"their":[34],"reasoning":[35],"directly":[36],"on":[37],"graphs":[39],"without":[40],"translating":[41],"them":[42],"rules":[44],"propositions.":[46],"Instead,":[47],"many":[48],"graphic":[49,59],"notations":[50],"have":[51],"been":[52],"developed.":[53],"Map":[55],"(KM)":[56],"system":[60],"logic":[62],"that":[63],"general":[66]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
