{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161165163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc65509.2026.11509573","title":"A 64.5 TFLOPS/W 16-nm AI Training Accelerator with 4T-eDRAM for Efficient Gradient and Activation Handling","display_name":"A 64.5 TFLOPS/W 16-nm AI Training Accelerator with 4T-eDRAM for Efficient Gradient and Activation Handling","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161165163","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc65509.2026.11509573"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc65509.2026.11509573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc65509.2026.11509573","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041291449","display_name":"Nestor Cuevas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9211-7657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nestor Cuevas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,Allston,MA,USA,02134"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,Allston,MA,USA,02134","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136186811","display_name":"Thierry Tambe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thierry Tambe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA,94305"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Stanford,CA,USA,94305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013517247","display_name":"Sai Qian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-9235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36672615","display_name":"Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/037tm7f56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36672615","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sai Qian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University,Tandon School of Engineering and Courant Institute,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University,Tandon School of Engineering and Courant Institute,Brooklyn,NY,USA,11201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36672615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066255084","display_name":"D. Brooks","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,Allston,MA,USA,02134"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,Allston,MA,USA,02134","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043327132","display_name":"Gu-Yeon Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-9904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gu-Yeon Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,Allston,MA,USA,02134"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University,John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,Allston,MA,USA,02134","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76410376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.36500000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.36500000953674316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.0828000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.07900000363588333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.44609999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceleration","display_name":"Acceleration","score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troubleshooting","display_name":"Troubleshooting","score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.25929999351501465}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.54339998960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.44609999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147494362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2078905","display_name":"Troubleshooting","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.24289999902248383}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc65509.2026.11509573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc65509.2026.11509573","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7136854529380798,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,79,110],"memory-architecture-algorithm":[4],"framework":[5],"that":[6,66,122],"explores":[7],"neural":[8],"network":[9],"reversibility":[10,123],"and":[11,23,88,92,99,120],"embedded":[12],"DRAM":[13],"(eDRAM)":[14],"to":[15,38,41,84],"enable":[16,47],"efficient":[17],"on-device":[18],"training":[19],"under":[20],"tight":[21],"energy":[22,98],"area":[24],"constraints.":[25],"Reversible":[26],"architectures":[27],"recompute":[28],"intermediate":[29,63],"activations":[30],"instead":[31],"of":[32,50],"storing":[33],"them,":[34],"minimizing":[35],"off-chip":[36],"transfers":[37],"DRAM.":[39],"Applied":[40],"transformer":[42],"models,":[43],"reversible":[44],"adapter":[45],"branches":[46],"low-overhead":[48],"fine-tuning":[49],"large":[51],"language":[52],"models":[53],"such":[54],"as":[55,109],"GPT-2.":[56],"We":[57],"fabricated":[58],"4T":[59],"eDRAM":[60,108],"arrays":[61],"for":[62,114],"activation":[64],"storage":[65,112],"exhibit":[67],"12.4":[68],"microsecond":[69],"data":[70,86,116],"retention":[71],"with":[72],"less":[73],"than":[74],"0.01":[75],"percent":[76,91,94],"bit":[77],"errors,":[78],"unique":[80],"implicit":[81],"refresh":[82],"property":[83],"preserve":[85],"integrity,":[87],"over":[89],"11":[90],"20":[93],"reductions":[95],"in":[96,117],"access":[97],"static":[100],"power":[101],"versus":[102],"SRAM,":[103],"respectively.":[104],"Our":[105],"results":[106],"establish":[107],"practical":[111],"medium":[113],"transient":[115],"LLM":[118],"workloads":[119],"show":[121],"enables":[124],"scalable,":[125],"memory-efficient":[126],"edge":[127],"training.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-05-15T00:00:00"}
