{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396918389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc60959.2024.10529002","title":"A 59.3fs Jitter and -62.1dBc Fractional-Spur Digital PLL Based on a Multi-Edge Power-Gating Phase-Detector","display_name":"A 59.3fs Jitter and -62.1dBc Fractional-Spur Digital PLL Based on a Multi-Edge Power-Gating Phase-Detector","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396918389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc60959.2024.10529002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc60959.2024.10529002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc60959.2024.10529002","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010409811","display_name":"Simone M. Dartizio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5983-5609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone M. Dartizio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055194098","display_name":"Michele Rossoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2684-8549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Rossoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035434717","display_name":"Francesco Tesolin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9743-5726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Tesolin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082358586","display_name":"Giacomo Castoro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-1575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacomo Castoro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073514694","display_name":"Carlo Samori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7084-0721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Samori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051946676","display_name":"Andrea L. Lacaita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0315-514X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea L. Lacaita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085904857","display_name":"Salvatore Levantino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-1700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore Levantino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.4167,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97984973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.8958474397659302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.6865411996841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.5677524209022522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.5436233282089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4974203407764435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.48177215456962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.4381723403930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4365188181400299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.426270991563797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.354690819978714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.349030077457428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2443186342716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1592262089252472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13493189215660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11535826325416565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.8958474397659302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.6865411996841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.5677524209022522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.5436233282089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4974203407764435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.48177215456962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.4381723403930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4365188181400299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.426270991563797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.354690819978714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.349030077457428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2443186342716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1592262089252472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13493189215660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11535826325416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc60959.2024.10529002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc60959.2024.10529002","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1269142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1269142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201131231","https://openalex.org/W4376133980","https://openalex.org/W4385192325","https://openalex.org/W4386825219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994021281","https://openalex.org/W2540832666","https://openalex.org/W4286579627","https://openalex.org/W2139484866","https://openalex.org/W4392188952","https://openalex.org/W1851259350","https://openalex.org/W272184114","https://openalex.org/W2117747481","https://openalex.org/W2394282069","https://openalex.org/W3189810088"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,353],"unlock":[1],"wide":[2],"data-rates,":[3],"wireless":[4],"transceivers":[5],"require":[6],"ultra-Iow-jitter":[7],"local-oscillators.":[8],"Fractional-N":[9],"PLLs":[10],"achieve":[11,236,330],"low-noise":[12],"using":[13,322],"a":[14,60,96,100,136,205,237,243,262,274,323,331,341,366,370],"digital-to-time":[15],"converter":[16],"(DTC)":[17],"to":[18,105,144,180,329],"re-align":[19],"the":[20,23,36,82,107,130,140,145,167,172,175,181,184,188,193,202,209,213,224,231,252,256,270,285,300,308,316,336,346,357,381,390,399,402,410,428,432,435,441],"edges":[21,222,310,397],"of":[22,187,246,251,277,398,434],"reference":[24,190],"and":[25,49,66,78,117,151,174,293,365],"divider":[26,169],"signals":[27],"in":[28,72,156],"fractional":[29,47,120],"mode":[30,158],"(Fig.":[31],"1":[32,126],"top)":[33],"[1].":[34],"However,":[35,328],"PLL":[37,53,98,146,168,189,257],"jitter":[38,79],"is":[39,195,216,304,359],"limited":[40],"by":[41,80,111,165,200,208,268],"both":[42,75],"DTC":[43,50,76,84,109,232,244,275,286,333,404],"non-linearity,":[44],"causing":[45],"large":[46],"spurs,":[48],"jitter,":[51,294],"degrading":[52],"in-band":[54],"noise.":[55],"Unfortunately,":[56],"DTCs":[57],"suffer":[58],"from":[59],"strong":[61],"trade-off":[62],"between":[63],"linearity,":[64],"noise":[65,318],"power":[67],"[2],":[68],"[3].":[69],"The":[70,133,376,423],"technique":[71],"[2]":[73],"improves":[74],"linearity":[77],"reducing":[81],"required":[83,108,403],"delay":[85,245,276,287],"range,":[86],"but":[87],"it":[88],"can":[89,265,319],"only":[90],"achieve$2\\mathrm{x}$range":[91],"reduction.":[92],"This":[93],"work":[94],"introduces":[95],"digital":[97,147],"leveraging":[99],"multi-edge":[101],"power-gating":[102,157],"phase-detector":[103,137],"(MEPG-PD)":[104],"reduce":[106],"range":[110,288,334,405,412],"more":[112],"than$10\\mathrm{x}$,":[113],"It":[114],"achieves":[115],"59.$3\\text{fs}$jitter":[116],"-62.1":[118],"dBc":[119],"spur":[121],"at":[122,247,255,278,340,414],"near-integer":[123],"8.$75\\text{GHz}$channels.":[124],"Figure":[125],"(bottom":[127,374],"left)":[128],"describes":[129],"MEPG-PD":[131,259,358,429],"concept.":[132],"MEPG-PO":[134,301],"comprises":[135],"(PO),":[138],"generating":[139],"error":[141,430],"signal${e}[k]$,":[142],"fed":[143,179,379],"loop":[148],"filter":[149],"(DLF),":[150],"an":[152],"auxiliary":[153],"oscillator":[154],"operating":[155],"(denoted":[159],"as":[160,325],"PGO)":[161],"[4].":[162],"The$div_{d}$signal,":[163],"derived":[164],"delaying":[166],"output,$div$,":[170],"via":[171,204],"DTC,":[173],"PGO":[176,194,203,214,225,309,317,337,367,416],"output,$OSC_{PG}$,":[177],"are":[178,295,311,378],"PD.":[182],"At":[183],"rising":[185,221,394],"edge":[186],"signal,":[191],"ref,":[192],"turned":[196],"on":[197,369],"for":[198,351,421],"a$T_{w}$time-window,":[199],"powering":[201],"switch":[206],"driven":[207],"SWPG":[210],"signal.":[211],"If":[212],"period,$T_{PGO}$,":[215],"smaller":[217],"than$T_{W},":[218],"OSC_{PG}$has":[219],"multiple":[220],"before":[223],"turns":[226],"off.$\\text{In}$a":[227],"conventional":[228],"fractional-N":[229],"PLL,":[230],"re-aligns":[233],"ref":[234],"and$div$to":[235],"zero":[238,263],"PO":[239,424,436],"input":[240],"time-error,":[241],"requiring":[242],"least":[248],"one":[249],"period,$T_{dco}$,":[250],"digitally-controlled-oscillator":[253],"(DCO)":[254],"output.$\\text{In}$the":[258],"scheme,":[260],"instead,":[261],"time-error":[264,439],"be":[266,320],"reached":[267],"aligning$div_{d}$to":[269],"closest$OSC_{PG}$rising":[271],"edge,":[272],"with":[273,362,437],"most$T_{PGC}$.":[279],"By":[280,388],"using$T_{PG\\mathrm{O}}":[281],"<":[282,283],"T_{dco}$,":[284],"and,":[289],"correspondingly,":[290],"its":[291],"non-linearity":[292,302],"drastically":[296],"reduced.":[297],"Note":[298],"that":[299],"contribution":[303],"ideally":[305],"zero,":[306],"since":[307],"linearly":[312],"spaced":[313],"by$T_{PGO}$,":[314],"Furthermore,":[315],"minimized":[321],"small$T_{w}$,":[324],"shown":[326],"later.":[327],"drastic":[332],"reduction,":[335],"must":[338],"run":[339],"frequency":[342,417],"significantly":[343],"higher":[344],"than":[345],"DCO":[347],"(e.g.,$10\\mathrm{x}$reduction":[348,418],"requires":[349,419],"a$100\\text{GHz}$PGO":[350],"a$10\\text{GHz}$DCO).":[352,422],"solve":[354],"this":[355],"issue,":[356],"instead":[360],"implemented":[361],"three":[363,382],"PDs":[364,377],"based":[368],"3-stage":[371],"ring-oscillator":[372],"(RO)":[373],"right).":[375],"with$div_{{d}}$and":[380],"RO":[383,400],"stage":[384],"outputs,$osc_{PG,":[385],"0},":[386],"{osc}_{PG,1}$and$OSC_{PG,2}$.":[387],"aligning$div_{{d}}$to":[389],"closest":[391],"among":[392,440],"tne":[393],"ana":[395],"failing":[396],"outputs,":[401],"reduces":[406],"to$T_{PGO}/6$,":[407],"thus":[408],"achieving":[409],"same":[411],"reduction":[413],"a$6\\mathrm{x}$smaller":[415],"a$17\\text{GHz}$PGO":[420],"selection":[425],"logic":[426],"provides":[427],"signal,$e[k]$selecting":[431],"output":[433],"zero-input":[438],"three.":[442]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2024-05-16T00:00:00"}