{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280560627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc53496.2022.9772828","title":"A 93.7<sup>%</sup>-Efficiency 5-Ratio Switched-Photovoltaic DC-DC Converter","display_name":"A 93.7<sup>%</sup>-Efficiency 5-Ratio Switched-Photovoltaic DC-DC Converter","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280560627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc53496.2022.9772828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc53496.2022.9772828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc53496.2022.9772828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608585","display_name":"2022 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052633114","display_name":"Sandeep Reddy Kukunuru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7600-955X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sandeep Reddy Kukunuru","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Santa Barbara,CA","University of California, Santa Barbara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Santa Barbara,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011014480","display_name":"Loai G. Salem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Loai G. Salem","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Santa Barbara,CA","University of California, Santa Barbara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Santa Barbara,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052633114"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3222,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34259047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.6946961879730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.6365655660629272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.6118135452270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-point-tracking","display_name":"Maximum power point tracking","score":0.588666558265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5818519592285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-principle","display_name":"Maximum power principle","score":0.5158787965774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-circuit-voltage","display_name":"Open-circuit voltage","score":0.5049675107002258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45861175656318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.44556206464767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4341754615306854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.4265938103199005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.36601218581199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1728038787841797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.6946961879730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.6365655660629272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.6118135452270508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36139824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052007","display_name":"Maximum power point tracking","level":4,"score":0.588666558265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5818519592285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116615679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795908","display_name":"Maximum power principle","level":3,"score":0.5158787965774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57631264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812203","display_name":"Open-circuit voltage","level":3,"score":0.5049675107002258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45861175656318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.44556206464767456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4341754615306854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.4265938103199005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36601218581199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1728038787841797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc53496.2022.9772828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc53496.2022.9772828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608585","display_name":"2022 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991078538","https://openalex.org/W2075636013","https://openalex.org/W2288784258","https://openalex.org/W2742171493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2290996769","https://openalex.org/W2097725229","https://openalex.org/W1977060113","https://openalex.org/W4281622623","https://openalex.org/W2527993489","https://openalex.org/W2184772563","https://openalex.org/W2374101854","https://openalex.org/W2379240244","https://openalex.org/W4389401330","https://openalex.org/W2033390848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ambient":[0],"light":[1,106],"can":[2,76],"enable":[3],"near-perpetual":[4],"operation":[5],"of":[6,10,41,52,70,92,137],"sensing":[7],"and":[8,113,119,132],"internet":[9],"everything":[11],"(loE)":[12],"nodes.":[13],"A":[14],"step-up":[15],"DC-DC":[16],"converter":[17],"with":[18,95],"a":[19,42,80,138,198],"large":[20],"off-chip":[21],"inductor":[22],"(L)":[23],"[1]":[24],"or":[25,60],"area-consuming":[26,54],"on-chip":[27],"capacitors":[28],"(C)":[29],"[2],":[30],"[3]":[31],"is":[32,197],"typically":[33],"used":[34],"to":[35,46,62,84,141],"upconvert":[36],"the":[37,47,65,68,86,93,96,125,130,134,155,158,163,167,177,181],"low":[38],"output":[39,135],"voltage":[40,91,98,156],"photovoltaic":[43],"(PV)":[44],"cell":[45],"required":[48],"supply":[49],"level.":[50],"Instead":[51],"using":[53,79],"energy":[55],"storage":[56],"elements":[57],"(i.e.,":[58],"L":[59],"C)":[61],"step":[63],"up":[64],"PV":[66,71,126,174],"voltage,":[67],"number":[69],"cells":[72,94,127,160,169],"connected":[73],"in":[74,147,193],"series":[75,139],"be":[77],"reconfigured":[78],"switch":[81],"matrix":[82],"(SM)":[83],"match":[85],"maximum":[87],"power":[88],"point":[89],"(MPP)":[90],"battery":[97],"(V":[99],"<inf":[100],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[101,189,201],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">BAT</inf>":[102],")":[103],"under":[104],"varying":[105],"intensity":[107],"[4].":[108],"Unfortunately,":[109],"manufacturing":[110],"tolerances,":[111],"aging,":[112],"environmental":[114],"factors":[115],"(e.g.,":[116,184],"shading,":[117],"dust,":[118],"debris)":[120],"introduce":[121],"practical":[122],"mismatches":[123],"among":[124],"that":[128],"limit":[129],"current,":[131],"hence":[133],"power,":[136],"string":[140],"its":[142],"worst-performing":[143],"cell,":[144],"as":[145],"exemplified":[146],"Fig.":[148,194],"1":[149,195],"(top":[150],"left).":[151],"In":[152],"this":[153],"case,":[154],"across":[157],"strong":[159],"increases":[161],"above":[162],"MPP":[164],"value":[165],"while":[166],"weak":[168],"voltages":[170],"decrease":[171],"until":[172],"all":[173],"currents":[175],"reach":[176],"same":[178],"value,":[179],"lowering":[180],"harvesting":[182],"efficiency":[183],"by":[185],"20%":[186],"for":[187],"<tex":[188,200],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$\\Delta\\mathrm{l}$</tex>":[190],"=":[191],"23%":[192],"which":[196],"typical":[199],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$3\\sigma$</tex>":[202],"PV-manufacturing":[203],"tolerance).":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}