{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3161104540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc51472.2021.9431420","title":"A second-order temperature compensated 1\u03bcW/MHz 100MHz RC oscillator with \u00b1140ppm inaccuracy from -40\u00b0C to 95\u00b0C","display_name":"A second-order temperature compensated 1\u03bcW/MHz 100MHz RC oscillator with \u00b1140ppm inaccuracy from -40\u00b0C to 95\u00b0C","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3161104540","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc51472.2021.9431420","mag":"3161104540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc51472.2021.9431420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc51472.2021.9431420","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064808352","display_name":"Kyu-Sang Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2515-4682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kyu-Sang Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005962057","display_name":"Amr Khashaba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6771-7271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr Khashaba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058351738","display_name":"Ahmed Abdelrahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1260-7155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Abdelrahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405255","display_name":"Yongxin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3812-9793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongxin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100417431","display_name":"Tianyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8738-9869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021747082","display_name":"Ruhao Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3694-0160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruhao Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022341159","display_name":"Nilanjan Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-8986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nilanjan Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036789252","display_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-8934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064808352"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64359987,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensation","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","score":0.6532167792320251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.5402810573577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5169562697410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5081813335418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.47184374928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trim","display_name":"Trim","score":0.468996524810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.46822425723075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4451526403427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-rate","display_name":"Clock rate","score":0.4145541787147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.411630243062973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2931487262248993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2236807942390442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.12001857161521912}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6532167792320251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.5402810573577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5169562697410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5081813335418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.47184374928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88611116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q957004","display_name":"Trim","level":2,"score":0.468996524810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.46822425723075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4451526403427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178693496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911691","display_name":"Clock rate","level":3,"score":0.4145541787147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.411630243062973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2931487262248993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2236807942390442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.12001857161521912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc51472.2021.9431420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc51472.2021.9431420","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771988120","https://openalex.org/W2789685835","https://openalex.org/W2892393788","https://openalex.org/W3015741591","https://openalex.org/W3015926890","https://openalex.org/W3015949732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205838487","https://openalex.org/W4320062971","https://openalex.org/W4206542901","https://openalex.org/W392191687","https://openalex.org/W2981398533","https://openalex.org/W2950853109","https://openalex.org/W2018260203","https://openalex.org/W2362169398","https://openalex.org/W2139353707","https://openalex.org/W3083915265"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"On-chip":[0],"RC-based":[1],"frequency":[2,29,47,105],"references":[3],"are":[4,52,89,159],"increasingly":[5],"being":[6],"used":[7],"to":[8,41,54,62,161,176],"generate":[9],"device":[10],"clocks.":[11],"They":[12],"consume":[13],"lower":[14],"power,":[15],"occupy":[16],"a":[17,68,202],"small":[18,104],"area,":[19],"and":[20,58,87,181,187],"do":[21],"not":[22,132],"require":[23],"costly":[24],"off-chip":[25],"components.":[26],"However,":[27,112],"poor":[28,167],"accuracy":[30],"resulting":[31],"from":[32],"their":[33,39,60,120],"non-linear":[34],"temperature":[35,115],"sensitivity":[36],"has":[37],"limited":[38],"usage":[40],"systems":[42],"that":[43,66],"can":[44,151],"tolerate":[45],"large":[46],"inaccuracy":[48,57,71,106,121,197],"(~1%).":[49],"Several":[50],"efforts":[51],"underway":[53],"reduce":[55,177],"the":[56,74,178],"extend":[59],"use":[61],"real-time":[63],"clock":[64],"sources":[65],"mandate":[67],"more":[69],"stringent":[70],"(\u00b1250ppm).":[72],"Among":[73],"reported":[75],"schemes,":[76],"those":[77],"based":[78,141],"on":[79,142],"2-point":[80],"digital":[81],"trim":[82],"methods":[83,183],"described":[84],"in":[85,92,98,108,135],"[1]":[86,99,124],"[2]":[88,109],"most":[90],"effective":[91],"achieving":[93],"excellent":[94],"power":[95,168,203],"efficiency":[96,169,204],"(1\u03bcW/MHz":[97],"at":[100,110],"\u00b1530ppm":[101],"inaccuracy)":[102],"or":[103,147,165],"(\u00b1400ppm":[107],"25\u03bcW/MHz).":[111],"uncompensated":[113],"higher-order":[114],"coefficient":[116],"(TC)":[117],"prevents":[118],"reducing":[119],"further.":[122],"Also,":[123],"requires":[125],"resistors":[126],"with":[127,201],"opposing":[128],"TCs,":[129],"which":[130],"may":[131],"be":[133],"available":[134],"all":[136],"processes.":[137],"Higher-order":[138],"compensation":[139],"schemes":[140],"finely-tuned":[143],"analog":[144],"networks":[145],"[3]":[146,164],"correction":[148],"polynomials":[149],"[4]":[150],"alleviate":[152],"some":[153],"of":[154,198,205],"these":[155],"drawbacks,":[156],"but":[157],"they":[158],"susceptible":[160],"circuit-level":[162],"imperfections":[163],"exhibit":[166],"(100\u03bcW/MHz)":[170],"[4].":[171],"This":[172],"paper":[173],"presents":[174],"techniques":[175],"TC":[179],"nonlinearity":[180],"proposes":[182],"for":[184],"performing":[185],"first-":[186],"second-order":[188],"compensation.":[189],"The":[190],"100MHz":[191],"RC":[192],"oscillator":[193],"prototype":[194],"achieves":[195],"an":[196],"\u00b1140ppm":[199],"(2.1ppm/\u00b0C)":[200],"1\u03bcW/MHz.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}