{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986323640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330625","title":"Comparison of bi-stable and delay-based Physical Unclonable Functions from measurements in 65nm bulk CMOS","display_name":"Comparison of bi-stable and delay-based Physical Unclonable Functions from measurements in 65nm bulk CMOS","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986323640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330625","mag":"1986323640"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2012.6330625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 2012 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089769405","display_name":"Mudit Bhargava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-2260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mudit Bhargava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057222449","display_name":"Cagla Cakir","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cagla Cakir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000377660","display_name":"Ken Mai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9096-8757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken Mai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089769405"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96383736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arbiter","display_name":"Arbiter","score":0.801551878452301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.7795038223266602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.7063493132591248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.6268643736839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6092640161514282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.6022855043411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5399449467658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.528328537940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-generation","display_name":"Key generation","score":0.48087266087532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4625299572944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.4403397738933563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.43162935972213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-large-scale-integration","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","score":0.42920926213264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3950977325439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3944355845451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3511389493942261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29923176765441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.1865716278553009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10067310929298401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.09977054595947266}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779971761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629872","display_name":"Arbiter","level":2,"score":0.801551878452301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.7795038223266602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.7063493132591248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.6268643736839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6092640161514282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.6022855043411255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5399449467658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.528328537940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.48087266087532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4625299572944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.4403397738933563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.43162935972213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.42920926213264465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3950977325439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3944355845451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3511389493942261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29923176765441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.1865716278553009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10067310929298401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.09977054595947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2012.6330625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 2012 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981555606","https://openalex.org/W2000171858","https://openalex.org/W2080284304","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2129004891","https://openalex.org/W2140823559","https://openalex.org/W2160423692","https://openalex.org/W2288998059","https://openalex.org/W6683961774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2582407527","https://openalex.org/W4386278306","https://openalex.org/W2556738576","https://openalex.org/W4211236262","https://openalex.org/W1554713511","https://openalex.org/W2128735154","https://openalex.org/W4281647828","https://openalex.org/W3212476763","https://openalex.org/W4389544506","https://openalex.org/W4362564225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Physical":[0],"Unclonable":[1],"Functions":[2],"(PUFs)":[3],"are":[4,23,72,80],"security":[5,12,27],"primitives":[6],"used":[7],"in":[8,66],"a":[9,64],"number":[10],"of":[11,85],"applications":[13],"like":[14],"authentication,":[15],"identification,":[16],"and":[17,31,42,50,53,58,77,94],"secure":[18],"key":[19],"generation.":[20],"PUF":[21,86],"implementations":[22],"evaluated":[24],"on":[25,74,82],"their":[26],"characteristics":[28],"(uniqueness,":[29],"randomness,":[30],"reliability),":[32],"as":[33,35],"well":[34],"conventional":[36],"VLSI":[37],"design":[38],"metrics":[39,71],"(area,":[40],"power,":[41],"performance).":[43],"We":[44],"compare":[45],"bi-stable":[46],"based":[47,55,81],"PUFs":[48,56],"(SRAM":[49],"sense":[51],"amplifiers)":[52],"delay":[54],"(arbiter":[57],"ring":[59],"oscillator)":[60],"using":[61],"measurements":[62,79],"from":[63],"testchip":[65],"65nm":[67],"bulk":[68],"CMOS.":[69],"Security":[70],"measured":[73],"multiple":[75,83],"dies":[76],"reliability":[78],"evaluations":[84],"circuits":[87],"across":[88],"operating":[89],"voltage":[90],"(1.0V":[91],"to":[92,97],"1.4V)":[93],"temperature":[95],"(-20\u00b0C":[96],"85\u00b0C).":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}