{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157341181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330615","title":"An 8GHz multi-beam spatio-spectral beamforming receiver using an all-passive discrete time analog baseband in 65nm CMOS","display_name":"An 8GHz multi-beam spatio-spectral beamforming receiver using an all-passive discrete time analog baseband in 65nm CMOS","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157341181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330615","mag":"2157341181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2012.6330615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330615","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 2012 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005805069","display_name":"Satwik Patnaik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-2414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Satwik Patnaik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071041338","display_name":"Sachin Kalia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7581-9673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachin Kalia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042997282","display_name":"Bodhisatwa Sadhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5849-9006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bodhisatwa Sadhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010483568","display_name":"Martin Sturm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6685-0567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Sturm","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111581149","display_name":"Mohammad Elbadry","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Elbadry","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059037025","display_name":"Ramesh Harjani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-566X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh Harjani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005805069"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I1343180700"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7365,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7586133,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.8670669794082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7308675050735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7275437116622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6091552376747131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.5741485357284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.46603837609291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rf-front-end","display_name":"RF front end","score":0.4494669735431671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43490493297576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3992469906806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.36853885650634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.34976649284362793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.8670669794082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7308675050735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7275437116622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6091552376747131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.5741485357284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.46603837609291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53071545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7276615","display_name":"RF front end","level":3,"score":0.4494669735431671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43490493297576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3992469906806946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.36853885650634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34976649284362793}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2012.6330615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2012.6330615","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 2012 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968482620","https://openalex.org/W1982164626","https://openalex.org/W2016021927","https://openalex.org/W2099296290","https://openalex.org/W2137472433","https://openalex.org/W2150328638","https://openalex.org/W2151667873","https://openalex.org/W2151685849","https://openalex.org/W2168498637","https://openalex.org/W2172029744","https://openalex.org/W6680344690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989454727","https://openalex.org/W2007491870","https://openalex.org/W4253176004","https://openalex.org/W2393227873","https://openalex.org/W2328456318","https://openalex.org/W2379437876","https://openalex.org/W2385762934","https://openalex.org/W4255841132","https://openalex.org/W2114540565","https://openalex.org/W2248261699"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"novel":[1],"multi-frequency":[2],"beamforming":[3],"front-end":[4,9],"is":[5,31,44],"proposed.":[6],"The":[7,38,54,69],"proposed":[8],"allows":[10],"for":[11],"simultaneous":[12],"and":[13,33],"independent":[14],"steering":[15],"of":[16,22],"multiple":[17],"frequency":[18,45,56],"beams.":[19],"As":[20],"proof":[21],"concept,":[23],"an":[24,48,63],"8GHz":[25],"2-channel,":[26],"4-frequency":[27],"phased":[28],"array":[29],"beam-former":[30],"designed":[32],"implemented":[34],"in":[35],"65nm":[36],"CMOS.":[37],"IF":[39],"signal":[40],"on":[41],"each":[42],"channel":[43],"split":[46],"using":[47,62],"all":[49,64],"passive":[50,65],"4-point":[51],"analog":[52,80],"FFT.":[53],"orthogonal":[55],"outputs":[57],"are":[58],"then":[59],"beam":[60],"steered":[61],"I-Q":[66],"vector":[67],"combiner.":[68],"RF":[70],"circuit":[71],"draws":[72],"22.8mA":[73],"from":[74],"a":[75],"1.2V":[76],"supply":[77],"while":[78],"the":[79],"baseband":[81],"consumes":[82],"9pJ/conv.":[83],"(135\u03bcW":[84],"at":[85],"120MSps).":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}