{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058612516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2010.5617396","title":"A 0.077 to 0.168 nJ/bit/iteration scalable 3GPP LTE turbo decoder with an adaptive sub-block parallel scheme and an embedded DVFS engine","display_name":"A 0.077 to 0.168 nJ/bit/iteration scalable 3GPP LTE turbo decoder with an adaptive sub-block parallel scheme and an embedded DVFS engine","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058612516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2010.5617396","mag":"2058612516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2010.5617396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2010.5617396","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference 2010","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72198","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089370554","display_name":"Chih-Chi Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Chi Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110245311","display_name":"Yi\u2010Min Tsai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Min Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071031607","display_name":"Liang\u2010Gee Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9746-9355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang-Gee Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084128470","display_name":"Anantha P. Chandrakasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-2748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anantha P. Chandrakasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089370554"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864","https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4696,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83789793,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7052244544029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo","display_name":"Turbo","score":0.684931218624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.560175359249115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5554081201553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5519523024559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.5497593283653259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5409027934074402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.524316668510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5198450684547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5149022340774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.44470465183258057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.44439971446990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34049803018569946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3294954001903534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2980903387069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.29595470428466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2893691658973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.18919432163238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1280452311038971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12241935729980469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11512339115142822}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7052244544029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776240298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138513","display_name":"Turbo","level":2,"score":0.684931218624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.560175359249115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5554081201553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5519523024559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.5497593283653259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5409027934074402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.524316668510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5198450684547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5149022340774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.44470465183258057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.44439971446990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34049803018569946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3294954001903534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2980903387069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29595470428466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2893691658973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18919432163238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1280452311038971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12241935729980469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11512339115142822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2010.5617396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2010.5617396","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference 2010","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/72198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/72198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/type/ConferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322410","display_name":"MediaTek","ror":"https://ror.org/05g9jck81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151196095","https://openalex.org/W1562979145","https://openalex.org/W1970330710","https://openalex.org/W2002931430","https://openalex.org/W2045407304","https://openalex.org/W2095721829","https://openalex.org/W2100098924","https://openalex.org/W2135321742","https://openalex.org/W2159200202","https://openalex.org/W3100996381","https://openalex.org/W3144578356","https://openalex.org/W6606272734","https://openalex.org/W6674613124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116478666","https://openalex.org/W2103764150","https://openalex.org/W2535923291","https://openalex.org/W2593195270","https://openalex.org/W4287740435","https://openalex.org/W2010424581","https://openalex.org/W2497042610","https://openalex.org/W2147600706","https://openalex.org/W2101836519","https://openalex.org/W2161351338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3GPP":[0],"LTE":[1,40],"requires":[2],"a":[3,45,53],"100":[4],"Mbps":[5],"of":[6],"peak":[7],"bandwidth,":[8],"and":[9,100,127],"the":[10,31,69,79,97,101,107,112],"instantaneous":[11],"throughput":[12],"demand":[13],"changes":[14],"with":[15,88],"different":[16],"applications.":[17],"Fixed":[18],"sub-block":[19,62],"parallel":[20,63],"turbo":[21,41],"decoding":[22,65],"scheme":[23,66,91],"introduces":[24],"bit-error":[25],"rate":[26,103],"(BER)":[27],"performance":[28,71],"drop":[29],"when":[30],"block":[32],"length":[33],"is":[34,58,82,92,120],"short.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"paper,":[38],"an":[39,89],"decoder":[42],"implemented":[43],"on":[44],"0.66":[46],"mm":[47],"<sup":[48],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[49],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[50],"die":[51],"in":[52],"65":[54],"nm":[55],"CMOS":[56],"technology":[57],"presented.":[59],"An":[60],"adaptive":[61],"(ASP)":[64],"that":[67,104],"improves":[68],"BER":[70],"by":[72],"up":[73],"to":[74,106],"2.7":[75],"dB":[76],"while":[77],"maintaining":[78],"same":[80],"parallelism":[81],"developed.":[83,94],"A":[84],"DVFS":[85],"engine":[86],"combining":[87],"early-termination":[90],"also":[93],"It":[95],"generates":[96],"supply":[98],"voltage":[99],"clock":[102],"lead":[105],"lowest":[108],"energy":[109,118],"consumption":[110,119],"given":[111],"output":[113],"bandwidth":[114],"requirement.":[115],"The":[116],"measured":[117],"0.077\u223c0.168":[121],"nJ":[122,129],"per":[123,125,130],"bit":[124],"iteration":[126],"0.39\u223c0.85":[128],"bit.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}