{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107814666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280923","title":"A fractional-N PLL modulator with flexible direct digital phase modulation","display_name":"A fractional-N PLL modulator with flexible direct digital phase modulation","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107814666","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280923","mag":"2107814666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2009.5280923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280923","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066814507","display_name":"Mark Ferriss","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Ferriss","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080105840","display_name":"David T.W. Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-4694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David T. Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005810864","display_name":"Michael P. Flynn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael P. Flynn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066814507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8972,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77121461,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"49","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.8294610977172852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-shift-keying","display_name":"Minimum-shift keying","score":0.724983811378479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-digital-synthesizer","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","score":0.5962933301925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5939239263534546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5880038738250732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-modulation","display_name":"Phase modulation","score":0.5824843049049377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.526386022567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5181309580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4598871171474457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.4425649642944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.43405666947364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4210793375968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-phase-modulation","display_name":"Continuous phase modulation","score":0.42015206813812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4004931151866913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3595620095729828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26996907591819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.2583357095718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.18902748823165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.15645310282707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.07756087183952332}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.8294610977172852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55857970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4156818","display_name":"Minimum-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.724983811378479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166089067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227465","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","level":5,"score":0.5962933301925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5939239263534546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5880038738250732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.5824843049049377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.526386022567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5181309580802917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4598871171474457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.4425649642944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.43405666947364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4210793375968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C343090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165504","display_name":"Continuous phase modulation","level":2,"score":0.42015206813812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4004931151866913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3595620095729828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26996907591819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.2583357095718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.18902748823165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.15645310282707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.07756087183952332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2009.5280923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280923","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1608933316","https://openalex.org/W2084208879","https://openalex.org/W2129618067","https://openalex.org/W2152144298","https://openalex.org/W2160412553","https://openalex.org/W2161421010","https://openalex.org/W6636228782","https://openalex.org/W6679351170"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1644162651","https://openalex.org/W2548484459","https://openalex.org/W2027117786","https://openalex.org/W2035739394","https://openalex.org/W2063895299","https://openalex.org/W2113661990","https://openalex.org/W2136954438","https://openalex.org/W2052143987","https://openalex.org/W2140177338","https://openalex.org/W2088124704"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,42],"2.6":[1],"GHz":[2],"fractional-N":[3],"synthesizer":[4],"with":[5],"a":[6,20,89],"flexible":[7],"digital":[8,21],"modulation":[9,66],"scheme":[10],"is":[11,16,45],"presented.":[12],"The":[13,56,74],"PLL":[14],"output":[15,26],"modulated":[17],"by":[18],"adding":[19],"signal":[22],"directly":[23],"to":[24,33,47],"the":[25,28,34,39,53],"of":[27,37],"phase":[29],"detector,":[30],"in":[31,81],"contrast":[32],"typical":[35],"method":[36],"changing":[38],"divider":[40],"ratio.":[41],"pre-emphasis":[43],"filter":[44],"used":[46],"allow":[48],"switching":[49],"rates":[50],"faster":[51],"than":[52],"loop":[54],"bandwidth.":[55],"transmitter":[57],"supports":[58],"GMSK,":[59],"OQPSK,":[60],"BSK":[61],"or":[62],"any":[63],"constant":[64],"envelop":[65],"scheme.":[67],"Measurements":[68],"are":[69],"presented":[70],"at":[71],"300":[72],"kBit/sec.":[73],"0.7":[75],"mm":[76],"<sup":[77],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[78],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[79],"prototype":[80],"0.13":[82],"mum":[83],"CMOS":[84],"consumes":[85],"20":[86],"mA":[87],"from":[88],"1.5":[90],"V":[91],"supply.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
