{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2163196824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280788","title":"Dual-loop direct VCO modulation for spread spectrum clock generation","display_name":"Dual-loop direct VCO modulation for spread spectrum clock generation","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2163196824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280788","mag":"2163196824"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2009.5280788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112499889","display_name":"Christopher LeBlanc","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher D. LeBlanc","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Essex Junction, VT, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Essex Junction, VT, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046110466","display_name":"B. Voegeli","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin T. Voegeli","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Systems and Technology Group, Essex Junction, VT, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Systems and Technology Group, Essex Junction, VT, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048747574","display_name":"Tian Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4395-7350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111236770","display_name":"University of Vermont","ror":"https://ror.org/0155zta11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112499889"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1963,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8179031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"479","last_page":"482"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.8517097234725952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.7039667367935181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-generator","display_name":"Clock generator","score":0.7033393383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5752429366111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.5329276919364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrator","display_name":"Integrator","score":0.5269920229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.526390790939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5106471180915833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-modulation","display_name":"Delta modulation","score":0.5066211819648743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4616066515445709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-generator","display_name":"Signal generator","score":0.42529240250587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-locked-loop","display_name":"Delay-locked loop","score":0.4162146747112274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.4117676615715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.3607267737388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.30815812945365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30642998218536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2928837537765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.26475638151168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.26375287771224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","score":0.25096139311790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.2259579300880432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.21463418006896973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.19984745979309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Code division multiple access","score":0.09287083148956299}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8517097234725952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.7039667367935181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164847","display_name":"Clock generator","level":4,"score":0.7033393383026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5752429366111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.5329276919364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79518650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081431","display_name":"Integrator","level":3,"score":0.5269920229911804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.526390790939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5106471180915833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110558960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163461","display_name":"Delta modulation","level":5,"score":0.5066211819648743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4616066515445709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207912722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259123","display_name":"Signal generator","level":3,"score":0.42529240250587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190462668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492265","display_name":"Delay-locked loop","level":4,"score":0.4162146747112274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.4117676615715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.3607267737388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.30815812945365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30642998218536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2928837537765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.26475638151168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.26375287771224976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186130","display_name":"Pulse-amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.25096139311790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.2259579300880432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.21463418006896973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19984745979309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.09287083148956299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2009.5280788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2009.5280788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1930629285","https://openalex.org/W1985957160","https://openalex.org/W2105085721","https://openalex.org/W2109383085","https://openalex.org/W2138383709","https://openalex.org/W2171427361","https://openalex.org/W2262193390","https://openalex.org/W3139566988","https://openalex.org/W3140417716","https://openalex.org/W6646635851","https://openalex.org/W6676478880","https://openalex.org/W6792409531"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085381517","https://openalex.org/W2518349951","https://openalex.org/W2121552467","https://openalex.org/W4238211836","https://openalex.org/W3013924136","https://openalex.org/W4284685595","https://openalex.org/W999775051","https://openalex.org/W2125901692","https://openalex.org/W2132410050","https://openalex.org/W910049632"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,72],"presents":[2],"a":[3,18,37],"new":[4],"spread":[5,66],"spectrum":[6,67],"clock":[7,68],"generator":[8,69],"(SSCG)":[9],"circuit":[10],"for":[11],"EMI":[12],"reduction.":[13],"The":[14],"proposed":[15],"design":[16],"adopts":[17],"standard":[19],"integer-N":[20],"phased":[21],"locked":[22],"loop":[23,33],"(PLL)":[24],"with":[25,36,58],"two":[26],"dual-voltage-controlled":[27],"oscillators":[28],"(VCOs).":[29],"A":[30],"frequency":[31,39],"modulation":[32,55],"is":[34,49,73],"implemented":[35],"digital":[38],"limit":[40],"detector":[41],"to":[42,51],"direct":[43],"the":[44,53,63,65],"spectrum-spreading":[45],"profile.":[46],"An":[47],"integrator":[48],"applied":[50],"generate":[52],"triangular":[54],"signal.":[56],"Comparing":[57],"some":[59],"recent":[60],"designs":[61],"in":[62,70],"literature,":[64],"this":[71],"simple":[74],"and":[75],"area":[76],"efficient.":[77]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
