{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169157879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405750","title":"Wide Lock-Range, Low Phase-Noise PLL using Interpolative Ring-VCO with Coarse Frequency Tuning and Frequency Linearization","display_name":"Wide Lock-Range, Low Phase-Noise PLL using Interpolative Ring-VCO with Coarse Frequency Tuning and Frequency Linearization","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169157879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405750","mag":"2169157879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2007.4405750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405750","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042574372","display_name":"Hiroshi Kodama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6883-834X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Kodama","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056111012","display_name":"Hiroyuki Okada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4447-8431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroyuki Okada","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112185093","display_name":"Hiromu Ishikawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiromu Ishikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058509048","display_name":"Akio Tanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0558-360X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akio Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Corporation Limited, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042574372"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.077,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80721469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"107","issue":"382","first_page":"349","last_page":"352"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.9384282827377319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.8281118869781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.8160152435302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.509540855884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4925316274166107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.4841928780078888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.48068293929100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pll-multibit","display_name":"PLL multibit","score":0.47316035628318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4561772048473358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.4545423984527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.44654443860054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.43695002794265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","score":0.4298640489578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3439842760562897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.28594136238098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2459259033203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24406570196151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18661996722221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.1810341775417328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.9384282827377319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.8281118869781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.8160152435302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.509540855884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4925316274166107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.4841928780078888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.48068293929100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77881186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7119642","display_name":"PLL multibit","level":4,"score":0.47316035628318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4561772048473358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.4545423984527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.44654443860054016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.43695002794265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.4298640489578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3439842760562897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.28594136238098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2459259033203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24406570196151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18661996722221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1810341775417328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2007.4405750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405750","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:2743351640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ieice.org/ken/paper/200712135aa5/eng/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512848","display_name":"IEICE Technical Report; IEICE Tech. Rep.","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Technical Report; IEICE Tech. Rep.","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498968021","https://openalex.org/W1543202788","https://openalex.org/W1563789831","https://openalex.org/W1564065602","https://openalex.org/W1998253193","https://openalex.org/W2038027628","https://openalex.org/W2117116908","https://openalex.org/W2141242995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384502435","https://openalex.org/W2359366503","https://openalex.org/W1486070987","https://openalex.org/W2774664569","https://openalex.org/W2074798336","https://openalex.org/W2402088482","https://openalex.org/W1600405202","https://openalex.org/W4200332348","https://openalex.org/W1557347312","https://openalex.org/W2558244976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"relax":[1],"the":[2,95,107],"trade-off":[3],"relationship":[4],"between":[5],"tuning":[6],"range":[7,23],"and":[8,59,101],"phase":[9,34,83],"noise,":[10],"we":[11],"have":[12],"developed":[13],"a":[14,19,44,77,87],"new":[15],"interpolative":[16],"ring-VCO":[17],"having":[18],"wide":[20,31],"control":[21],"voltage":[22],"over":[24],"which":[25],"frequency":[26,97],"variation":[27],"is":[28,85,98,111],"linear.":[29],"A":[30],"lock-range,":[32],"low":[33],"noise":[35,84],"PLL":[36],"incorporating":[37],"this":[38],"VCO":[39],"has":[40],"been":[41],"fabricated":[42],"in":[43,91,106],"90":[45],"nm":[46],"CMOS":[47],"process.":[48],"It":[49],"successfully":[50],"operates":[51],"at":[52],"from":[53,60,76],"3.432":[54],"to":[55,62,73],"4.488":[56],"GHz":[57,64],"(LF-mode)":[58],"6.600":[61],"9.240":[63],"(HF-mode),":[65],"with":[66],"528":[67],"MHz":[68,100],"spacing,":[69],"while":[70],"drawing":[71],"30":[72],"37":[74],"mA":[75],"1.5":[78],"V":[79],"supply.":[80],"Measured":[81],"integrated":[82],"below":[86],"targeted":[88],"4":[89,104],"degrees":[90,105],"both":[92],"modes":[93],"when":[94,109],"reference":[96],"264":[99],"less":[102],"than":[103],"LF-mode":[108],"it":[110],"66":[112],"MHz.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}