{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1566988013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2004.1358796","title":"A temperature-compensated CMOS LC-VCO enabling the direct modulation architecture in 2.4GHz GFSK transmitter","display_name":"A temperature-compensated CMOS LC-VCO enabling the direct modulation architecture in 2.4GHz GFSK transmitter","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1566988013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2004.1358796","mag":"1566988013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2004.1358796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2004.1358796","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 2004 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37571)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066755966","display_name":"T\u00f4ru Tanzawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8228-2520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Tanzawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047133647","display_name":"Hiroyuki Shibayama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Shibayama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089042564","display_name":"Ryota Terauchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Terauchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024971085","display_name":"Katsumi Hisano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Hisano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Corporate Research and Development Center, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Corporate Research and Development Center, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014272633","display_name":"Hiroki Ishikuro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9919-9923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Ishikuro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113313009","display_name":"S. Kousai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kousai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101591670","display_name":"Hiroyuki Kobayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-5549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Kobayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111752214","display_name":"H. Majima","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Majima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110121878","display_name":"T. Takayama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Takayama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108405401","display_name":"K. Agawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Agawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022392056","display_name":"M. Koizumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6554-4426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Koizumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064235564","display_name":"F. Hatori","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292669757","display_name":"Toshiba (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0326v3z14","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Hatori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semiconductor Company, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292669757"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"273","last_page":"276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.9097550511360168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7544912099838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6572166681289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6173434257507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.6065733432769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.5367034673690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.49624568223953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.46537157893180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44812601804733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-shift-keying","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","score":0.4334186315536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.42186975479125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.42083829641342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.41491228342056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.2930062413215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.28249359130859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2755194306373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26587915420532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22446924448013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.21792906522750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.19035205245018005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18954351544380188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.08448973298072815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.9097550511360168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7544912099838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6572166681289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6173434257507324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.6065733432769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.5367034673690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.49624568223953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.46537157893180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44812601804733276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163996819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166054","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.4334186315536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.42186975479125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.42083829641342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.41491228342056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.2930062413215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.28249359130859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2755194306373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26587915420532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22446924448013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.21792906522750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.19035205245018005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18954351544380188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.08448973298072815}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2004.1358796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2004.1358796","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the IEEE 2004 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37571)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070109416","https://openalex.org/W2976219355","https://openalex.org/W2089131288","https://openalex.org/W1600405202","https://openalex.org/W1486070987","https://openalex.org/W3064661991","https://openalex.org/W2147016624","https://openalex.org/W4392207688","https://openalex.org/W2074574534","https://openalex.org/W2032490120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18,65],"frequency":[1],"drift":[2,19],"of":[3,26,41,67,74],"an":[4,8],"open-loop":[5],"PLL":[6],"is":[7,63],"issue":[9],"for":[10],"direct":[11],"modulation":[12],"applications":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"Bluetooth":[16],"transceivers.":[17],"mainly":[20],"comes":[21],"from":[22],"the":[23,27,30,38,42,45,75],"temperature":[24,46],"variation":[25],"VCO":[28,56],"during":[29],"TX":[31],"operation.":[32],"In":[33],"this":[34],"paper,":[35],"we":[36],"propose":[37],"optimum":[39],"location":[40],"VCO,":[43],"considering":[44],"gradient":[47],"through":[48],"full-chip":[49],"thermal":[50],"analysis.":[51],"Moreover,":[52],"a":[53,59],"novel":[54],"temperature-compensated":[55],"by":[57,77],"employing":[58],"new":[60],"biasing":[61],"scheme":[62],"proposed.":[64],"combination":[66],"these":[68],"two":[69],"techniques":[70],"enables":[71],"power":[72],"reduction":[73],"transmitter":[76],"33%":[78],"without":[79],"sacrificing":[80],"performance.":[81]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}