{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968233334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2019.8791447","title":"Enhancement in Focality of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation through High Definition (HD) Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Techniques","display_name":"Enhancement in Focality of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation through High Definition (HD) Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Techniques","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968233334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2019.8791447","mag":"2968233334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cibcb.2019.8791447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2019.8791447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666275","display_name":"Gaurav Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7934-0531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9579091","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Mandi","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9r2f34","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia Analytics, Networks and Systems Group, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia Analytics, Networks and Systems Group, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056024296","display_name":"Shubhajit Roy Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-6657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9579091","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Mandi","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9r2f34","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubhajit Roy Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia Analytics, Networks and Systems Group, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia Analytics, Networks and Systems Group, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100666275"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5365,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68824998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-direct-current-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","score":0.9452125430107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-field","display_name":"Electric field","score":0.6594655513763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.5918752551078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","score":0.5091370940208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.49916934967041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.48361554741859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.48278772830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.4438885450363159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-stimulation","display_name":"Brain stimulation","score":0.4208822250366211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33967146277427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.33492714166641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.2955455482006073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2068089246749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20114284753799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.19497841596603394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1812961995601654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08691418170928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.0852985680103302}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777803708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603398","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","level":3,"score":0.9452125430107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.6594655513763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.5918752551078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5091370940208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.49916934967041016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.48361554741859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48278772830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4438885450363159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985799443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955838","display_name":"Brain stimulation","level":3,"score":0.4208822250366211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33967146277427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.33492714166641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2955455482006073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2068089246749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20114284753799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.19497841596603394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1812961995601654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08691418170928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0852985680103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cibcb.2019.8791447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2019.8791447","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990847647","https://openalex.org/W2049012183","https://openalex.org/W2072962457","https://openalex.org/W2097273459","https://openalex.org/W2100733931","https://openalex.org/W2109764946","https://openalex.org/W2114169057","https://openalex.org/W2114329358","https://openalex.org/W2126906058","https://openalex.org/W2129341642","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2134180298","https://openalex.org/W2138150447","https://openalex.org/W2148532693","https://openalex.org/W2162932719","https://openalex.org/W2167926396","https://openalex.org/W2300876890","https://openalex.org/W2438677128","https://openalex.org/W2541589072","https://openalex.org/W2557431955","https://openalex.org/W2581208574","https://openalex.org/W2789917165","https://openalex.org/W2898749214"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3111601046","https://openalex.org/W2022730539","https://openalex.org/W2968867140","https://openalex.org/W578245605","https://openalex.org/W2393952389","https://openalex.org/W2909462959","https://openalex.org/W2912278223","https://openalex.org/W2006244452","https://openalex.org/W2107832682","https://openalex.org/W2126906058"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,29,46,67,141],"current":[1,13,234],"work":[2,235],"aims":[3],"to":[4,35,52,60,75,87,125,176,244,289],"provide":[5],"conventional":[6,61,196,297],"and":[7,63,110,185,250],"high":[8,172,231],"definition":[9,173],"(HD)":[10],"transcranial":[11],"direct":[12],"stimulation":[14],"(tDCS)":[15],"for":[16,171],"the":[17,37,42,55,78,92,99,127,132,165,188,201,209,224,246,258],"rehabilitation":[18],"of":[19,70,82,94,119,144,148,161,190,203,218,257,261,266],"patients,":[20],"suffering":[21],"from":[22],"cerebrovascular":[23],"accident":[24],"or":[25],"impaired":[26],"hemodynamic":[27],"conditions.":[28],"paper":[30],"presents":[31],"a":[32],"computational":[33,48,72],"model":[34,49,73],"study":[36],"electric":[38,56,88,128,178,247],"field":[39,57,89,129,179,248],"distribution":[40,58,90,130,180,249],"on":[41,181],"targeted":[43,95,133,259],"brain":[44,96,134],"cortex.":[45,97],"proposed":[47],"is":[50,74,169,228,242,272],"used":[51,124,153,170,243],"find":[53,76],"out":[54,77],"due":[59,86],"tDCS":[62,139,156,198,298],"HD-tDCS":[64,220,239,278],"electrode":[65,151,168],"configuration.":[66],"main":[68],"objective":[69],"this":[71],"focality":[79,207,222],"in":[80,91,154,208,216,223,264,274],"terms":[81,265],"affected":[83,145,191,210,225,253,267,282,301],"surface":[84,193,211,226,255,270],"area":[85,146,212,227,256,271,286,303],"region":[93,184,260],"In":[98,195,233],"present":[100],"work,":[101],"different":[102,149,290],"sizes":[103],"(4":[104],"\u00d7":[105,108,112,237,276],"4,":[106],"3":[107,109],"2":[111,113],"cm":[114,309],"<sup":[115,310],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[116,311],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[117,312],")":[118],"rectangular":[120,292,313],"sponge":[121,163,204,293,314],"pads":[122],"are":[123],"compute":[126,177,245],"at":[131],"cortex":[135],"by":[136],"using":[137],"bipolar":[138,155,197,296],"method.":[140],"percentage":[142,189,252,268],"pixels":[143,285],"because":[147],"sized":[150,291],"configurations":[152,175],"has":[157,304],"been":[158,305],"estimated.":[159],"Instead":[160],"large":[162],"pad,":[164],"small":[166],"size":[167,202],"multi-electrode":[174,219,240],"same":[182],"target":[183],"also":[186],"estimate":[187,251],"pixel":[192,254,269,302],"area.":[194],"method":[199,279],"as":[200,287],"pad":[205,294,315],"decreases,":[206],"improves":[213],"slightly.":[214],"However,":[215],"case":[217],"configuration,":[221],"improved":[229],"with":[230,280,307],"rate.":[232],"4":[236,275],"1":[238,277],"configuration":[241],"interest.":[262],"Focality":[263],"better":[273],"0.7323%":[281],"skull":[283],"tissue":[284],"compared":[288],"based":[295],"where":[299],"17.4059%":[300],"achieved":[306],"2\u00d72":[308],"electrode.":[316]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}