{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975972429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2014.6845528","title":"Discovering objective functions for tagging medical text concepts","display_name":"Discovering objective functions for tagging medical text concepts","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975972429","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2014.6845528","mag":"1975972429"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cibcb.2014.6845528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2014.6845528","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004997290","display_name":"George J. Shannon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4765-6133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George J. Shannon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla, Missouri, USA","Eng. Manage. & Syst. Eng., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eng. Manage. & Syst. Eng., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063579947","display_name":"Steven Corns","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-2892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven M. Corns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla, Missouri, USA","Eng. Manage. & Syst. Eng., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eng. Manage. & Syst. Eng., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038037619","display_name":"Donald C. Wunsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9726-9051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20382870","display_name":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00scwqd12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald C. Wunsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla, Missouri, USA","Electr. & Comput. Eng., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla, Missouri, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Comput. Eng., Missouri Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Rolla, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004997290"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20382870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05591734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.795642614364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6901413202285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6059024333953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5637288689613342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5460484027862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5295050144195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.5288739204406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.48693954944610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4740980565547943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4662439227104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46038177609443665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.18365007638931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11266660690307617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.795642614364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6901413202285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6059024333953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5637288689613342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5460484027862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5295050144195557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.5288739204406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.48693954944610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4740980565547943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4662439227104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46038177609443665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.18365007638931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11266660690307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cibcb.2014.6845528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2014.6845528","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1195031806","https://openalex.org/W1483736078","https://openalex.org/W1494061796","https://openalex.org/W1550258693","https://openalex.org/W2029344051","https://openalex.org/W2048631009","https://openalex.org/W2049940107","https://openalex.org/W2061352860","https://openalex.org/W2101044066","https://openalex.org/W2102994123","https://openalex.org/W2103900674","https://openalex.org/W2104489372","https://openalex.org/W2122402213","https://openalex.org/W2154687664","https://openalex.org/W2156253084","https://openalex.org/W2164047738","https://openalex.org/W2164790407","https://openalex.org/W2168017804","https://openalex.org/W2171044258","https://openalex.org/W4239696231","https://openalex.org/W4293690910","https://openalex.org/W6632766574","https://openalex.org/W6657654021","https://openalex.org/W7065355008"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W79619734","https://openalex.org/W2010487328","https://openalex.org/W2340589664","https://openalex.org/W4281750475","https://openalex.org/W3087321790","https://openalex.org/W186091728","https://openalex.org/W2939811865","https://openalex.org/W1822792362","https://openalex.org/W1507779355","https://openalex.org/W2164861117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,69],"research":[1],"demonstrates":[2,71],"the":[3,10,15,20,44,56,72,87,92],"use":[4],"of":[5,22,35,50,74,86,90,99],"genetic":[6],"programming":[7],"to":[8,60,77,83,95],"derive":[9,61],"objective":[11,63],"function":[12],"that":[13],"ranks":[14],"candidate":[16],"concepts":[17,25],"and":[18,38,47,82],"selects":[19],"set":[21,34,49],"best":[23],"matching":[24],"for":[26,67],"a":[27,48],"sentence":[28],"within":[29],"medical":[30],"text.":[31],"A":[32],"short":[33],"example":[36],"primitive":[37],"linguistic":[39],"variables":[40],"was":[41,58],"input":[42],"into":[43],"GP":[45,93],"process,":[46],"manually":[51],"tagged":[52],"sentences":[53],"extracted":[54],"from":[55],"literature":[57],"used":[59],"different":[62],"functions":[64],"potentially":[65],"suitable":[66],"tagging.":[68],"proof-of-concept":[70],"potential":[73],"this":[75,100],"approach":[76,94],"simplify":[78],"automated":[79],"semantic":[80],"tagging":[81],"identify":[84],"some":[85],"likely":[88],"challenges":[89],"applying":[91],"complex":[96],"linguistics":[97],"problems":[98],"nature.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
