{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169661278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2007.4221251","title":"Metabolic Flux Estimation from Incomplete Labelling Measurements Using the Expectation/Conditional-Maximisation Algorithm","display_name":"Metabolic Flux Estimation from Incomplete Labelling Measurements Using the Expectation/Conditional-Maximisation Algorithm","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169661278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2007.4221251","mag":"2169661278"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cibcb.2007.4221251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2007.4221251","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Bioinformatics and Computational Biology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058227072","display_name":"Sarawan Wongsa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-6052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Wongsa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085942306","display_name":"Visakan Kadirkamanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-2501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Kadirkamanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105466125","display_name":"S.A. Billings","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.A. Billings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025177312","display_name":"Rosanna C. T. Wright","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8095-8256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.C. Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11703418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"410","last_page":"417"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.615355372428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-function-approximation","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","score":0.6037810444831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5417007803916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5176606774330139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-linear-least-squares","display_name":"Non-linear least squares","score":0.5093220472335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.5075916051864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-problem","display_name":"Inverse problem","score":0.4665021300315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4618384540081024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinary-least-squares","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","score":0.4605741500854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.43916943669319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.41768360137939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4173431396484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-least-squares","display_name":"Linear least squares","score":0.4106051027774811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40578514337539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2285478711128235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13634628057479858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.615355372428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.6037810444831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5417007803916931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5176606774330139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45923927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3319230","display_name":"Non-linear least squares","level":3,"score":0.5093220472335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.5075916051864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.4665021300315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4618384540081024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99656134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912993","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","level":2,"score":0.4605741500854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.43916943669319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.41768360137939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4173431396484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58663186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553462","display_name":"Linear least squares","level":3,"score":0.4106051027774811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40578514337539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2285478711128235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13634628057479858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cibcb.2007.4221251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2007.4221251","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Bioinformatics and Computational Biology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574470162","https://openalex.org/W1597497599","https://openalex.org/W1967639437","https://openalex.org/W1979335383","https://openalex.org/W1989845358","https://openalex.org/W1992170087","https://openalex.org/W2010315317","https://openalex.org/W2030255580","https://openalex.org/W2030708049","https://openalex.org/W2091963605","https://openalex.org/W2096767559","https://openalex.org/W2117853077","https://openalex.org/W2126821981","https://openalex.org/W2136811206","https://openalex.org/W2138520475","https://openalex.org/W4206428854","https://openalex.org/W4232023503","https://openalex.org/W4302564868"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2167126078","https://openalex.org/W4250719734","https://openalex.org/W2026673180","https://openalex.org/W2030255580","https://openalex.org/W4380487384","https://openalex.org/W1959514624","https://openalex.org/W327962130","https://openalex.org/W4378552425","https://openalex.org/W2027973524","https://openalex.org/W4312475898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,109],"work,":[2],"the":[3,76,84,89,95,105,128,136,149,158,161],"problem":[4,13,61],"of":[5,14,35,75,127,145],"metabolic":[6,183],"flux":[7,119,184],"estimation":[8,16,120,185],"is":[9,26,63],"formulated":[10],"as":[11],"a":[12,30,45,58,67,71,142],"parameter":[15,114],"from":[17,66,160],"incomplete":[18],"labelling":[19,137,150],"data.":[20],"The":[21,125],"expectation/conditional":[22],"maximisation":[23],"(ECM)":[24],"algorithm":[25,163],"used":[27],"to":[28,43,57,103,169,175,178],"determined":[29],"maximum-likelihood":[31],"(ML)":[32],"estimate":[33],"because":[34],"its":[36,180],"simplicity":[37],"and":[38,94,116,123,147,172],"stable":[39],"convergence.":[40],"We":[41],"propose":[42],"simplify":[44],"nonlinear":[46],"inverse":[47],"problem,":[48],"generally":[49],"numerically":[50],"solved":[51],"by":[52,141],"an":[53],"iterative":[54],"optimisation":[55,73],"algorithm,":[56],"linear":[59,80,106],"regression":[60,107],"which":[62],"arrived":[64],"at":[65],"linear-in-the-parameter":[68],"formulation":[69],"during":[70],"partial":[72],"process":[74],"ECM":[77,162],"algorithm.":[78],"Three":[79],"least":[81,86,91,97],"square":[82],"algorithms,":[83],"ordinary":[85],"squares":[87,92,98],"(LS),":[88],"total":[90],"(TLS)":[93],"constrained":[96],"(CLS),":[99],"have":[100,173],"been":[101],"tested":[102],"solve":[104],"in":[108,118,182],"step.":[110],"Using":[111],"simulations,":[112],"resulting":[113],"estimates":[115,159],"errors":[117],"are":[121,130,139,152],"compared":[122],"evaluated.":[124],"performance":[126,181],"algorithms":[129],"investigated":[131],"under":[132],"two":[133],"scenarios;":[134],"when":[135,148],"data":[138,151],"corrupted":[140],"wide":[143],"range":[144],"noise":[146],"incompletely":[153],"observed.":[154],"Results":[155],"suggest":[156],"that":[157],"using":[164],"CLS":[165],"produce":[166],"results":[167],"superior":[168],"other":[170],"combinations":[171],"potential":[174],"be":[176],"refined":[177],"improve":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}