{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401415445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10612099","title":"Evaluating Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Salinity","display_name":"Evaluating Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Salinity","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401415445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10612099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec60901.2024.10612099","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10612099","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051674131","display_name":"Matthew T. Harper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4740-637X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Harper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083310167","display_name":"Ivy Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-2632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivy Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080779869","display_name":"Bing Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-1216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036911408","display_name":"Ross Vennell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6961-9977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62912653","display_name":"Cawthron Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sffqe64","country_code":"NZ","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62912653"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross Vennell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cawthron Institute,Coastal and Freshwater Group,Nelson,New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cawthron Institute,Coastal and Freshwater Group,Nelson,New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62912653"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400258","display_name":"Mengjie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4463-9538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengjie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Victoria University of Wellington,Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence,Wellington,New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051674131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0808,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80959302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9175000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9175000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6831098794937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.48583266139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4548535645008087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salinity","display_name":"Salinity","score":0.45122331380844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.12878823280334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.0744873583316803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6831098794937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48583266139030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4548535645008087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.45122331380844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12878823280334473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0744873583316803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec60901.2024.10612099","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10612099","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968889106","https://openalex.org/W1985082033","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2112245269","https://openalex.org/W2314720829","https://openalex.org/W2487967714","https://openalex.org/W2599166941","https://openalex.org/W2640088286","https://openalex.org/W2755087487","https://openalex.org/W2774185825","https://openalex.org/W2986762872","https://openalex.org/W3102952204","https://openalex.org/W3135028703","https://openalex.org/W3140854437","https://openalex.org/W4200078849","https://openalex.org/W4224983774","https://openalex.org/W6667847758","https://openalex.org/W6670854446","https://openalex.org/W6676877727","https://openalex.org/W6704972910","https://openalex.org/W6748150348","https://openalex.org/W6784436754","https://openalex.org/W6786239333","https://openalex.org/W6799307070","https://openalex.org/W6848967769","https://openalex.org/W6849578325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oyster":[0,11],"farms":[1,12,45],"provide":[2,52,62,177],"a":[3,53,95,104,178,185],"sustainable":[4],"and":[5,61,103,125,149,176],"profitable":[6],"export":[7],"for":[8],"New":[9],"Zealand.":[10],"are":[13,127],"sensitive":[14],"to":[15,37,55,83,131,145,188],"changes":[16],"in":[17,73,191],"salinity":[18,59,88,190],"that":[19,120],"can":[20,150],"cause":[21],"significant":[22],"crop":[23],"loss":[24],"if":[25],"they":[26],"persist":[27],"too":[28],"long.":[29],"Recent":[30],"extreme":[31],"weather":[32,136],"events":[33,60,137],"have":[34],"been":[35,71],"leading":[36],"increased":[38],"periods":[39],"of":[40,87,113],"low":[41,58],"salinity,":[42],"putting":[43],"the":[44,85,141,155,167],"at":[46,183],"risk.":[47],"Machine":[48],"learning":[49],"based":[50,99,122,158,169],"methods":[51,82],"way":[54],"predict":[56],"these":[57],"an":[63],"early":[64],"warning":[65],"system,":[66],"but":[67],"this":[68,76,115],"has":[69],"not":[70],"investigated":[72],"aquaculture.":[74],"In":[75],"paper,":[77],"we":[78],"investigate":[79],"three":[80],"different":[81],"assess":[84],"viability":[86],"prediction":[89],"systems.":[90],"A":[91],"simple":[92],"statistical":[93],"model,":[94],"genetic":[96],"programming":[97],"(GP)":[98],"symbolic":[100,123,159],"regression":[101,124,160],"model":[102,170],"convolutional":[105],"neural":[106],"network":[107],"(CNN)":[108],"were":[109],"compared":[110],"as":[111,135],"ways":[112],"solving":[114],"problem.":[116],"The":[117],"results":[118,173],"show":[119,162,174],"GP":[121],"CNNs":[126],"fairly":[128],"good":[129,179],"approaches":[130],"predicting":[132,189],"salinity.":[133],"However,":[134],"get":[138],"more":[139],"extreme,":[140],"CNN":[142],"approach":[143,187],"tends":[144],"hold":[146],"up":[147],"better":[148,163],"be":[151],"generalised":[152,186],"better,":[153],"while":[154],"G":[156],"P":[157],"models":[161],"potential":[164],"explainability":[165],"with":[166],"tree":[168],"structure.":[171],"These":[172],"promise":[175],"stepping":[180],"off":[181],"point":[182],"creating":[184],"estuaries.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
