{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401415968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10611892","title":"Satellite Collision Avoidance Maneuver Planning in Low Earth Orbit Using Proximal Policy Optimization","display_name":"Satellite Collision Avoidance Maneuver Planning in Low Earth Orbit Using Proximal Policy Optimization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401415968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10611892"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec60901.2024.10611892","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10611892","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067912538","display_name":"S. Kazemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5120-0698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sajjad Kazemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,System Design Engineering Department,Waterloo,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,System Design Engineering Department,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033006881","display_name":"Nasser L. Azad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasser L. Azad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,System Design Engineering Department,Waterloo,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,System Design Engineering Department,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083200788","display_name":"K. Andrea Scott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3922-8777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Andrea Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Mechanical Engineering Department,Waterloo,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Mechanical Engineering Department,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051820213","display_name":"Haroon B. Oqab","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haroon B. Oqab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbiad Launch Services Inc.,Kitchener,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbiad Launch Services Inc.,Kitchener,Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084195307","display_name":"George B. Dietrich","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George B. Dietrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbiad Launch Services Inc.,Kitchener,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbiad Launch Services Inc.,Kitchener,Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067912538"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3045,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86537653,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11701","display_name":"Space Satellite Systems and Control","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11082","display_name":"Spacecraft Dynamics and Control","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision-avoidance","display_name":"Collision avoidance","score":0.7226197123527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.681972324848175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-earth-orbit","display_name":"Low earth orbit","score":0.6516984701156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5983114838600159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbit","display_name":"Orbit (dynamics)","score":0.5363178849220276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.5060238242149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geocentric-orbit","display_name":"Geocentric orbit","score":0.4887528419494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.39736688137054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.37262871861457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3580886721611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2747306823730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15912777185440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11816868185997009}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147495","display_name":"Collision avoidance","level":3,"score":0.7226197123527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.681972324848175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018325918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663611","display_name":"Low earth orbit","level":3,"score":0.6516984701156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5983114838600159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196644772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3884964","display_name":"Orbit (dynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5363178849220276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.5060238242149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154978347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1579577","display_name":"Geocentric orbit","level":3,"score":0.4887528419494629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.39736688137054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.37262871861457825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3580886721611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2747306823730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15912777185440063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11816868185997009}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec60901.2024.10611892","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec60901.2024.10611892","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18638522","https://openalex.org/W1964990236","https://openalex.org/W1995504856","https://openalex.org/W2019179057","https://openalex.org/W2489090383","https://openalex.org/W2736601468","https://openalex.org/W2806819981","https://openalex.org/W2901717688","https://openalex.org/W2946813593","https://openalex.org/W2961860989","https://openalex.org/W3084679090","https://openalex.org/W3121972511","https://openalex.org/W3135755090","https://openalex.org/W4200246998","https://openalex.org/W4283704298","https://openalex.org/W4386368562","https://openalex.org/W4388093090","https://openalex.org/W4391301568","https://openalex.org/W6741002519","https://openalex.org/W6857362291"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1819938260","https://openalex.org/W2340892746","https://openalex.org/W3005999311","https://openalex.org/W2064932142","https://openalex.org/W2029760101","https://openalex.org/W1665466932","https://openalex.org/W4390751957","https://openalex.org/W32529488","https://openalex.org/W2000356507","https://openalex.org/W4392025019"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,102],"space":[1],"environment":[2],"has":[3],"become":[4],"more":[5],"congested":[6],"and":[7,22,74,126],"competitive":[8],"than":[9],"ever":[10],"before,":[11],"making":[12],"collision-free":[13],"satellite":[14,71,87],"operation":[15],"a":[16,37,114],"top":[17],"priority":[18],"for":[19,118,123],"both":[20],"public":[21],"private":[23],"sectors.":[24],"Specifically,":[25],"effective":[26],"collision":[27,75,127],"avoidance":[28,128],"involving":[29],"Residence":[30],"Space":[31,44],"Objects":[32],"(RSOs)":[33],"stands":[34],"out":[35],"as":[36],"critical":[38],"challenge":[39],"within":[40],"the":[41,55,68,85,96,106,110],"domain":[42],"of":[43,57,70,109,116,121],"Situational":[45],"Awareness":[46],"(SSA).":[47],"This":[48,77],"paper":[49,78],"addresses":[50],"this":[51],"issue":[52],"by":[53],"exploring":[54],"application":[56],"Reinforcement":[58],"Learning":[59],"(RL)":[60],"methods,":[61],"which":[62],"shows":[63],"promising":[64,107],"results":[65,104],"in":[66,129],"addressing":[67],"complexities":[69],"path":[72],"planning":[73,125],"avoidance.":[76],"focuses":[79],"on":[80],"single-object":[81],"maneuver":[82,124],"planning,":[83],"where":[84],"primary":[86],"aims":[88],"to":[89],"avoid":[90],"collisions":[91],"with":[92],"secondary":[93],"objects":[94],"using":[95],"Proximal":[97],"Policy":[98],"Optimization":[99],"(PPO)":[100],"algorithm.":[101],"obtained":[103],"demonstrate":[105],"performance":[108],"trained":[111],"model,":[112],"establishing":[113],"proof":[115],"concept":[117],"further":[119],"investigation":[120],"RL":[122],"space.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
