{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2939249612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8790244","title":"A Two-layer Optimization Management Method for the Microgrid with Electric Vehicles","display_name":"A Two-layer Optimization Management Method for the Microgrid with Electric Vehicles","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2939249612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8790244","mag":"2939249612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2019.8790244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8790244","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dora.dmu.ac.uk/bitstreams/b5f8393f-8d4c-4ba1-9254-c1bc7beb19db/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100664806","display_name":"Zedong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4392-3502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","display_name":"De Montfort University","ror":"https://ror.org/0312pnr83","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zedong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Computational Intelligence (CCI), School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Intelligence (CCI), School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040583251","display_name":"Shengxiang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7222-4917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","display_name":"De Montfort University","ror":"https://ror.org/0312pnr83","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengxiang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Computational Intelligence (CCI), School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Intelligence (CCI), School of Computer Science and Informatics, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3984,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44597491,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"1102","last_page":"1109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.9116940498352051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.566295862197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.542163610458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5383840799331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.5057246685028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management-system","display_name":"Energy management system","score":0.4955557584762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-evolution","display_name":"Differential evolution","score":0.4854469895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4306895434856415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greedy-algorithm","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","score":0.43018871545791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.4166262745857239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.413725346326828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3823067545890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.31737959384918213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19063466787338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.16026344895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08271002769470215}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.9116940498352051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.566295862197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.542163610458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5383840799331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.5057246685028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.4955557584762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74750220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662197","display_name":"Differential evolution","level":2,"score":0.4854469895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4306895434856415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.43018871545791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.4166262745857239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.413725346326828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3823067545890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.31737959384918213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19063466787338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.16026344895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08271002769470215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2019.8790244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8790244","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dora.dmu.ac.uk:2086/17705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dora.dmu.ac.uk/handle/2086/17705","pdf_url":"https://dora.dmu.ac.uk/bitstreams/b5f8393f-8d4c-4ba1-9254-c1bc7beb19db/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400394","display_name":"DMU Open Research Archive (De Montfort University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","host_organization_name":"De Montfort University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dora.dmu.ac.uk:2086/17705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dora.dmu.ac.uk/handle/2086/17705","pdf_url":"https://dora.dmu.ac.uk/bitstreams/b5f8393f-8d4c-4ba1-9254-c1bc7beb19db/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400394","display_name":"DMU Open Research Archive (De Montfort University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","host_organization_name":"De Montfort University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2939249612.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2939249612.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66406146","https://openalex.org/W1504391786","https://openalex.org/W1879678483","https://openalex.org/W1968962169","https://openalex.org/W1979883320","https://openalex.org/W1987809617","https://openalex.org/W2056620249","https://openalex.org/W2069512491","https://openalex.org/W2078834385","https://openalex.org/W2104093457","https://openalex.org/W2129533130","https://openalex.org/W2152822532","https://openalex.org/W2196845260","https://openalex.org/W2229032899","https://openalex.org/W2278572372","https://openalex.org/W2287838237","https://openalex.org/W2289980179","https://openalex.org/W2481949966","https://openalex.org/W2731032711","https://openalex.org/W2736190822","https://openalex.org/W2782106472","https://openalex.org/W3099561736"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2749199243","https://openalex.org/W2333017163","https://openalex.org/W2133545517","https://openalex.org/W2352231626","https://openalex.org/W2964681094","https://openalex.org/W2782741053","https://openalex.org/W2577786578","https://openalex.org/W2095135978","https://openalex.org/W1984852161","https://openalex.org/W4200177487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,112],"energy":[1,100],"management":[2,101],"of":[3,28,37,43,72,86,118,132,142,177],"the":[4,17,23,29,34,41,53,70,84,105,116,119,122,126,130,133,140,152,155,169,175,178,186],"microgrid":[5],"(MG)":[6],"with":[7],"electric":[8],"vehicles":[9],"(EVs)":[10],"is":[11],"a":[12,65,92,98],"large-scale":[13],"optimization":[14,153],"problem":[15],"where":[16],"goal":[18],"should":[19],"take":[20],"into":[21],"account":[22],"performance":[24,85,117],"and":[25,49,57,76,88,110,148,160,167,181,188],"economic":[26],"benefits":[27,106],"power":[30],"system":[31],"while":[32,121],"meeting":[33],"travel":[35],"needs":[36],"EVs.":[38,111],"Due":[39],"to":[40,45,64,79,82,90,165],"development":[42],"vehicle":[44],"grid":[46],"(V2G)":[47],"technologies":[48],"demand":[50],"response":[51],"(DR),":[52],"relationship":[54,71],"between":[55,74],"EVs":[56,77,89],"MG":[58,75,87,109,187],"becomes":[59],"currently":[60],"closer,":[61],"which":[62,183],"leads":[63],"more":[66],"complex":[67],"situation.":[68,94],"Therefore,":[69],"interest":[73],"has":[78],"be":[80],"clarified":[81],"improve":[83],"achieve":[91],"win-win":[93],"This":[95],"paper":[96],"proposes":[97],"two-tier":[99],"strategy":[102,180],"that":[103],"considers":[104],"for":[107],"both":[108,185],"first":[113],"layer":[114,124],"ensures":[115],"MG,":[120],"second":[123],"reduces":[125],"charging":[127],"cost":[128],"from":[129],"perspective":[131],"car":[134],"owners.":[135,190],"In":[136],"addition,":[137],"based":[138],"on":[139],"existence":[141],"uncertain":[143],"parameters,":[144],"mixed":[145],"type":[146],"variables":[147],"nonlinear":[149],"constraints":[150],"in":[151],"problem,":[154],"differential":[156],"evolution,":[157],"stochastic":[158],"search":[159],"greedy":[161],"algorithm":[162],"are":[163],"used":[164],"analyze":[166],"find":[168],"optimal":[170],"solution.":[171],"Simulation":[172],"results":[173],"verify":[174],"effectiveness":[176],"proposed":[179],"solutions,":[182],"benefit":[184],"EV":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-25T07:29:55.448023","created_date":"2019-04-25T00:00:00"}