{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968626394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8789950","title":"Online Feature-Generation of Code Fragments for XCS to Guide Feature Construction","display_name":"Online Feature-Generation of Code Fragments for XCS to Guide Feature Construction","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968626394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8789950","mag":"2968626394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2019.8789950","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8789950","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004982887","display_name":"Trung B. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1990-8647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trung B. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065533636","display_name":"Will N. Browne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-2224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Will N. Browne","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mengjie Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengjie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9841,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81895992,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3308","last_page":"3315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11663","display_name":"Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6944673657417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6912044882774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.6256297826766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.6247577667236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encode","display_name":"ENCODE","score":0.5846741795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5404205918312073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5078454613685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.4796607792377472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.47374045848846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.4703117907047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-logic-programming","display_name":"Inductive logic programming","score":0.4284914433956146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4259682893753052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3774234652519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32966163754463196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.17247366905212402}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6944673657417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6912044882774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.6256297826766968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.6247577667236328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.5846741795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5404205918312073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5078454613685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.4796607792377472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47374045848846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.4703117907047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779382394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464197","display_name":"Inductive logic programming","level":2,"score":0.4284914433956146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4259682893753052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3774234652519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32966163754463196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.17247366905212402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2019.8789950","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8789950","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137305107","https://openalex.org/W1515057696","https://openalex.org/W1576818901","https://openalex.org/W1989101984","https://openalex.org/W1989206164","https://openalex.org/W2023131636","https://openalex.org/W2029016267","https://openalex.org/W2052153221","https://openalex.org/W2065137922","https://openalex.org/W2157838568","https://openalex.org/W2294858597","https://openalex.org/W2483496153","https://openalex.org/W2746353786","https://openalex.org/W2762480390","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W4236817408","https://openalex.org/W6605528842","https://openalex.org/W6630914662","https://openalex.org/W6634279960","https://openalex.org/W6663399104"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2468279273","https://openalex.org/W2354198838","https://openalex.org/W1989130879","https://openalex.org/W2103419012","https://openalex.org/W1487901312","https://openalex.org/W2793534203","https://openalex.org/W2786094008","https://openalex.org/W3131501806","https://openalex.org/W2799683370","https://openalex.org/W2807745940"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Code":[0],"Fragments":[1],"(CFs)":[2,104],"are":[3,16],"a":[4,92,115],"new":[5],"representation":[6],"for":[7,36,64,96],"classifier":[8],"conditions":[9,46],"in":[10,44,78,82,127,130,151,157],"Learning":[11],"Classifier":[12],"Systems":[13],"(LCSs).":[14],"CFs":[15,32,43,71,122,165],"Genetic":[17],"Programming-like":[18],"trees":[19],"that":[20,69,140],"use":[21],"functions":[22],"as":[23,33,194],"internal":[24],"nodes,":[25],"and":[26,56,67,199],"data":[27],"input":[28],"or":[29],"previously":[30,182],"learned":[31],"leaf":[34],"nodes":[35],"feature":[37],"construction.":[38],"The":[39,137,161],"XCSCFC":[40,156],"system":[41],"used":[42],"rule":[45],"of":[47,86,110,117,121,164],"XCS,":[48],"an":[49,79,106],"accuracy-based":[50],"Michigan-style":[51],"LCS,":[52],"to":[53,72,123,132,177,191],"transfer":[54],"knowledge":[55],"thus":[57],"solve":[58,147,192],"large-scale":[59],"problems.":[60],"However,":[61],"the":[62,65,83,119,125,128,141,148,172,185],"trade-off":[63],"richness":[66],"flexibility":[68],"allows":[70],"compactly":[73],"describe":[74],"decision":[75,201],"boundaries":[76],"results":[77],"undesired":[80],"increase":[81],"search":[84,163],"space":[85],"solutions.":[87],"Therefore,":[88],"this":[89],"paper":[90],"proposes":[91],"novel":[93,162],"model":[94],"extension":[95,113],"Online":[97],"Feature-generation":[98],"(OF),":[99],"which":[100,170],"enables":[101,114],"evolving":[102],"features":[103],"through":[105],"online":[107],"observed":[108],"list":[109],"CFs.":[111],"This":[112],"method":[116],"estimating":[118],"worth":[120],"identifying":[124],"patterns":[126],"problem":[129],"order":[131],"construct":[133],"applicable":[134],"high-level":[135,168],"features.":[136],"experiments":[138],"show":[139,171],"XCS":[142],"with":[143,155],"OF":[144],"(XOF)":[145],"can":[146],"benchmark":[149],"problems":[150,193],"fewer":[152,189],"generations":[153],"compared":[154],"non-transfer":[158],"learning":[159],"scenarios.":[160],"successfully":[166],"built":[167],"features,":[169],"rules":[173,190],"produced":[174],"by":[175],"XOF":[176],"be":[178],"more":[179,197],"generalised":[180],"than":[181],"possible.":[183],"Consequently,":[184],"final":[186],"solutions":[187],"contain":[188],"they":[195],"encode":[196],"compact":[198],"comprehensive":[200],"boundaries.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
