{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2559560407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2016.7744006","title":"A new approach to optimized negative selection","display_name":"A new approach to optimized negative selection","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2559560407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2016.7744006","mag":"2559560407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2016.7744006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2016.7744006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052543563","display_name":"Brian Schmidt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008695053","display_name":"Ala Al\u2010Fuqaha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-1204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ala Al-Fuqaha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052543563"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1709,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58661964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1793","last_page":"1799"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12391","display_name":"Artificial Immune Systems Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7221381664276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6818064451217651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-algorithm","display_name":"Selection algorithm","score":0.6056894659996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.5534352660179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5517598390579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-algorithm","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","score":0.5182718634605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm-design","display_name":"Algorithm design","score":0.47285035252571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-selection","display_name":"Negative selection","score":0.45984259247779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.450953871011734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.272588849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2679228186607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1234937310218811}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7221381664276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6818064451217651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775973920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3252726","display_name":"Selection algorithm","level":3,"score":0.6056894659996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.5534352660179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5517598390579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987595161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5182718634605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.47285035252571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7386963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954859","display_name":"Negative selection","level":4,"score":0.45984259247779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.450953871011734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.272588849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2679228186607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1234937310218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2016.7744006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2016.7744006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6041476","https://openalex.org/W125705531","https://openalex.org/W1504059836","https://openalex.org/W1539343426","https://openalex.org/W1545647341","https://openalex.org/W1558120865","https://openalex.org/W1558491769","https://openalex.org/W1570963376","https://openalex.org/W1873973888","https://openalex.org/W1967612688","https://openalex.org/W1972434712","https://openalex.org/W2007838160","https://openalex.org/W2012711654","https://openalex.org/W2020163012","https://openalex.org/W2026950768","https://openalex.org/W2032718589","https://openalex.org/W2105340111","https://openalex.org/W2115448240","https://openalex.org/W2129624205","https://openalex.org/W4211158698","https://openalex.org/W6633690878","https://openalex.org/W6634372020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2352269602","https://openalex.org/W2359380846","https://openalex.org/W2679799221","https://openalex.org/W5094569","https://openalex.org/W2018857289","https://openalex.org/W2354605828","https://openalex.org/W2967268719","https://openalex.org/W4396917903","https://openalex.org/W2140656843","https://openalex.org/W4402187056"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,61,77,115,153],"Negative":[1,54,189],"Selection":[2,55,190],"(NS)":[3],"algorithm":[4,8,26,56,71,79,105,122,130,145,164,174],"is":[5,19,106,123,165],"the":[6,12,20,28,53,68,82,85,89,96,101,109,118,126,129,132,138,141,156,163,171,185,188],"first":[7],"to":[9,34,51,72,125,160,197],"come":[10],"from":[11],"study":[13],"of":[14,67,117,128,140,155,187],"natural":[15],"immune":[16],"systems,":[17],"and":[18,24,100,148,167],"most":[21],"widely":[22],"known":[23],"applied":[25],"in":[27],"field.":[29],"It":[30],"has":[31,47,181,201],"been":[32,49,182,203],"used":[33,99,159],"build":[35],"intrusion":[36],"detection":[37],"systems":[38],"along":[39],"with":[40,131,150],"many":[41,58],"other":[42],"security-related":[43],"tasks.":[44],"However,":[45],"it":[46],"not":[48,169,202],"possible":[50],"use":[52],"on":[57,108],"real-world":[59],"scenarios.":[60],"present":[62],"research":[63,183],"shows":[64],"an":[65],"optimization":[66,97,186],"negative":[69,103,120,143,172],"selection":[70,104,121,144,173],"make":[73],"its":[74,177],"execution":[75],"faster.":[76],"optimized":[78,102,142],"remains":[80],"functionally":[81],"same,":[83],"providing":[84],"same":[86],"results":[87,154],"as":[88],"unoptimized":[90,119],"algorithm.":[91],"Details":[92],"are":[93,146,158],"given":[94],"about":[95,137],"scheme":[98],"tested":[107,149],"UCI":[110],"Breast":[111],"Cancer":[112],"data":[113],"set.":[114],"performance":[116,127],"compared":[124],"proposed":[133],"optimization.":[134],"Three":[135],"claims":[136],"function":[139],"made":[147],"four":[151],"experiments.":[152],"experiments":[157],"demonstrate":[161],"that":[162],"faster":[166],"does":[168],"change":[170],"or":[175],"lower":[176],"accuracy.":[178],"Although":[179],"there":[180],"into":[184],"algorithm,":[191],"this":[192],"work":[193],"will":[194],"only":[195],"apply":[196],"hyper-sphere":[198],"detectors,":[199],"which":[200],"done":[204],"before.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}