{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055346548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2014.6900457","title":"Generalized classifier system: Evolving classifiers with cyclic conditions","display_name":"Generalized classifier system: Evolving classifiers with cyclic conditions","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055346548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2014.6900457","mag":"2055346548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2014.6900457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2014.6900457","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071228543","display_name":"Xianneng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4130-6930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianneng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan","Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100682305","display_name":"He Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-1899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan","Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013008417","display_name":"Kotaro Hirasawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kotaro Hirasawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan","Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Japan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12023908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1682","last_page":"1689"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9603999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6836962699890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6419113278388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6355306506156921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5098010897636414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.386918842792511}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6836962699890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6419113278388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6355306506156921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5098010897636414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.386918842792511}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2014.6900457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2014.6900457","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W112893781","https://openalex.org/W1511618494","https://openalex.org/W1581513707","https://openalex.org/W1589018387","https://openalex.org/W1612687168","https://openalex.org/W1840702012","https://openalex.org/W1982004663","https://openalex.org/W1985941908","https://openalex.org/W1989101984","https://openalex.org/W1989206164","https://openalex.org/W1993953269","https://openalex.org/W1999128321","https://openalex.org/W2000659199","https://openalex.org/W2019843001","https://openalex.org/W2022190944","https://openalex.org/W2023131636","https://openalex.org/W2043003550","https://openalex.org/W2052153221","https://openalex.org/W2078120153","https://openalex.org/W2078968195","https://openalex.org/W2084028892","https://openalex.org/W2103632534","https://openalex.org/W2134367663","https://openalex.org/W2137261852","https://openalex.org/W2152615835","https://openalex.org/W2159407711","https://openalex.org/W2194709217","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6656397462"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W2033914206"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accuracy-based":[0],"XCS":[1,16,56,78,116,130],"classifier":[2,65,131],"system":[3,132],"has":[4,66,188],"been":[5,189],"shown":[6],"to":[7,54,69,79,94,106,121,136,145,150,173,219],"evolve":[8,57,213],"classifiers":[9,20,89,142,169,215],"with":[10,21,42,152,216,227],"accurate":[11],"and":[12,44],"maximally":[13],"general":[14],"characteristics.":[15],"generally":[17],"represents":[18],"its":[19,96,203],"binary":[22],"conditions":[23,120,218],"encoded":[24],"in":[25,46,197],"a":[26,35,71,164,181],"ternary":[27],"alphabet,":[28],"i.e.,":[29,84],"{0,1,":[30],"#},":[31],"where":[32,63],"#":[33],"is":[34,134,208],"\u201cdon't":[36],"care\u201d":[37],"symbol,":[38],"which":[39,103,147,198],"can":[40,170,201,212],"match":[41,151],"0":[43],"1":[45],"inputs.":[47],"This":[48,110],"provides":[49],"one":[50],"of":[51,61,73,115,140,168,178,184],"the":[52,67,81,88,92,100,123,138,141,158,175,192,199,214,222],"foundations":[53],"make":[55],"an":[58,113],"optimal":[59],"population":[60,167,230],"classifiers,":[62],"each":[64],"possibility":[68],"cover":[70],"set":[72],"perceptions.":[74],"However,":[75],"when":[76],"performing":[77],"solve":[80,221],"multi-step":[82],"problems,":[83,87],"maze":[85,194],"control":[86,195],"only":[90],"allow":[91],"agent":[93,159,200],"perceive":[95,202],"surrounding":[97,205],"environments":[98,155],"without":[99],"direction":[101],"information,":[102],"are":[104],"contrary":[105],"our":[107],"human":[108],"perception.":[109],"paper":[111],"develops":[112],"extension":[114],"by":[117,157],"introducing":[118],"cyclic":[119,217],"represent":[122],"classifiers.":[124],"The":[125],"proposed":[126],"system,":[127],"named":[128],"generalized":[129],"(GXCS),":[133],"dedicated":[135],"modify":[137],"forms":[139],"from":[143,160],"chains":[144],"cycles,":[146],"allows":[148],"them":[149],"more":[153,165],"adjacent":[154],"perceived":[156],"different":[161],"directions.":[162],"Accordingly,":[163],"compact":[166],"be":[171],"evolved":[172],"perform":[174],"generalization":[176],"feature":[177],"GXCS.":[179],"As":[180],"first":[182],"step":[183],"this":[185],"research,":[186],"GXCS":[187,211],"tested":[190],"on":[191],"benchmark":[193],"problems":[196,223],"8":[204],"cells.":[206],"It":[207],"confirmed":[209],"that":[210],"successfully":[220],"as":[224],"XCS,":[225],"but":[226],"much":[228],"smaller":[229],"size.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
